论未成年人附条件不起诉制度的完善

发布时间：2018-01-28 03:38

本文关键词： 附条件宽容相济考察帮教自由裁量权　出处：《辽宁大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2012年3月14日召开的全国人民代表大会，通过了《关于修改中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法的决定》，决定新《刑事诉讼法》将于2013年1月1号起实施。新刑诉法针对未成年人犯罪的特点，首次引入了未成年人附条件不起诉制度。该制度在刑事立法领域的确立具有里程碑式的意义，它为我国今后的未成年人附条件不起诉案件的适用提供了明确的法律支持，体现了我国宽严相济的刑事政策。未成年人附条件不起诉制度是根据未成年犯罪嫌疑人的悔罪表现情况作出的是否对其提起公诉的一种裁量制度。对于具体的未成年人犯罪的案件，根据未成年犯罪嫌疑人的认罪态度、犯罪情节和悔罪表现，检察机关对其设定一定期限的考察期并制作相应的考察条件，最终根据未成年犯罪嫌疑人的表现决定是否对其提起公诉。《刑事诉讼法》第271条、272条以及273条分别规定了对于未成年人附条件不起诉制度的适用对象、适用范围、监督考察期限与条件、考察期内未成年犯罪嫌疑人应当遵守的规定以及对附条件不起诉决定的撤销条件。新刑诉法这次对于未成年人附条件不起诉制度的规定可以说是对于以往不起诉制度的一次重大跨越，具有积极的社会正义价值和法律效率意义。设立未成年人附条件不起诉制度的目的在于使一部分犯罪情节较轻、具有悔改表现的未成年人免于有罪判决，尽早脱离刑事司法程序，使未成年犯罪嫌疑人不会因为服刑从而失去了上学或者就业的机会。同时，鉴于未成年人更容易受到环境的影响，如果去监狱或者看守所服刑更容易被里面的服刑人员同化，产生“交叉感染”。这一制度的确立不仅有利于未成年犯罪嫌疑人早日回归社会，更是我国目前宽严相济的刑事政策的体现。未成年人附条件不起诉制度的提出是我国刑事司法制度的一项重大改革，同时也带来了巨大的挑战。虽然新刑诉法对未成年人附条件不起诉制度作出了规定，但是该规定还不够完善。未成年人附条件不起诉制度的完善行使需要公、检、法三家的有效配合，是一套精密而复杂的系统工程。而新刑诉法只是对未成年人附条件不起诉制度作出了概括性的规定，在司法实践中，，还需要司法工作人员根据具体的案情，结合外国成熟的立法经验，有针对性的适用未成年人附条件不起诉制度。
[Abstract]:In March 14th 2012, the National people's Congress adopted the decision on the revision of the Criminal procedure Law of the people's Republic of China. It was decided that the new Criminal procedure Law would come into force on January 1st 2013. The new Criminal procedure Law is aimed at the characteristics of juvenile delinquency. For the first time, the system of non-prosecution of minors with conditions is introduced. The establishment of this system in the field of criminal legislation is of landmark significance. It provides clear legal support for the application of conditional non-prosecution cases of minors in our country in the future, and reflects our criminal policy of combining leniency and severity. The system of conditional non-prosecution of minors is a discretionary system of whether to prosecute juvenile suspects according to their repentance performance. For specific cases of juvenile delinquency. According to the attitude of juvenile criminal suspects, the circumstances of the crime and repentance performance, the procuratorial organs set a certain period of investigation period and make the corresponding investigation conditions. Finally, according to the performance of juvenile criminal suspects, it is decided whether to prosecute them. Article 271 of the Code of Criminal procedure. Article 272 and 273 respectively provide for the application of the system of non-prosecution of minors, the scope of application, supervision and inspection period and conditions. The provisions to be observed by the juvenile criminal suspect during the investigation period and the conditions for rescission of the decision not to prosecute under conditions. The new Criminal procedure Law this time for minors attached conditions not to prosecute the provisions of the system can be said to be a major leap forward for the previous system of non-prosecution. It has positive social justice value and legal efficiency significance. The purpose of setting up the system of minors with conditional non-prosecution is to avoid the conviction of some minor who have repentance. Leave the criminal justice process as soon as possible so that juvenile suspects do not lose access to school or employment as a result of serving their sentence... at the same time, given that minors are more vulnerable to the effects of the environment. If we go to prison or prison to serve sentences, it is easier to be assimilated by the prisoners inside, resulting in "cross infection". The establishment of this system is not only conducive to the early return of juvenile criminal suspects to society. It is also the embodiment of our country's present criminal policy of combining leniency and severe punishment. The proposed system of conditional non-prosecution of minors is a major reform of the criminal justice system in China, but also brings great challenges, although the new Criminal procedure Law provides for the system of non-prosecution of minors with conditions. However, this provision is not perfect. The implementation of the system of non-prosecution of minors with conditions requires the effective cooperation of the public, the procurator and the law. It is a set of precise and complex systematic engineering. But the new criminal procedure law only makes the general stipulation to the minor attached the condition not to prosecute the system, in the judicial practice, also needs the judicial staff according to the concrete case. Combined with foreign mature legislative experience, targeted application of minors conditional non-prosecution system.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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