美国涉外情报监控法院制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 04:35

  本文关键词： 涉外情报监控法 涉外情报监控法院 情报监控 司法审查　出处：《情报杂志》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的/意义]美国1978年颁布的《涉外情报监控法》建立了涉外情报监控法院制度,但因该制度存在诸多问题难以发挥制约情报监控权的功能。如何改革该制度以平衡国家安全和公民权利保障遂成为美国涉外情报监控制度亟待解决的问题。[方法/过程]运用文献研究、历史研究、规范分析等方法,分析涉外情报监控法院制度的建立、发展和社会各界对该制度的批评及回应。[结果/结论]研究表明,该制度存在缺乏对抗性、秘密性、法官选任不合理和缺少必要知识信息等问题。2015年《自由法案》虽力图通过改革解决上述问题,但结果不尽人意,进一步改革的呼声不断。美国涉外情报监控法院制度的经验教训对我国相关制度的改革有所裨益。
[Abstract]:[Objective / significance] the Foreign Intelligence Monitoring Act promulgated in 1978 in the United States established the court system of foreign intelligence monitoring and control. However, it is difficult to exert the function of restricting the right of intelligence monitoring because of many problems in this system. How to reform the system to balance national security and civil rights has become an urgent problem to be solved in the foreign intelligence monitoring system of the United States. [Methods / process] by means of literature research, historical research and normative analysis, this paper analyzes the establishment and development of the foreign intelligence monitoring court system and the criticism and response to the system from all walks of life. [Results / conclusion] the study shows that the system lacks antagonism and secrecy. In 2015, the Freedom Act tried to solve these problems through reform, but the results were unsatisfactory. The experience and lessons of the foreign intelligence surveillance court system in the United States are beneficial to the reform of the relevant system in China.
【作者单位】： 天津商业大学法学院;天津铁路运输检察院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“检察侦查权监督制约机制研究”(编号:12CFX041)研究成果之一
【分类号】：D971.2;DD916.2
【正文快照】： 引用格式吴常青,薛大政,李晨蕾.美国涉外情报监控法院制度研究[J].情报杂志,2017,36(4):6-11.0引言为确保宪法赋予公民的权利不被情报部门以维护国家安全之名加以不当干预,美国1978年颁布的《涉外情报监控法》建立了涉外情报监控法院制度,通过引入司法审查机制防止政府部门滥，

本文编号：1475308