司法改革语境下的刑事认罪协商程序研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 21:10

本文关键词： 司法改革刑事协商辩诉交易认罪协商程序量刑协商　出处：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：刑事认罪协商程序是一项发轫于美国的协商性司法制度,其典型体现为辩诉交易,即犯罪嫌疑人或被告人以积极认罪、诚心悔过为前提,从而换取司法机关在刑罚上的让步。在司法负荷的压力下,可以说世界各国所面临的困境具有一致性,尽管协商性司法模式本身具有争议性,但并未妨碍越来越多的国家为有效疏缓司法之困境,开始积极的以美国的辩诉交易为借镜,从而建构本国的刑事认罪协商程序。可以说,认罪协商模式现已成为世界范围内重要的司法实践活动,也必将是未来刑事司法的发展趋势之所在。我国刑事诉讼法中并未明文确立认罪协商程序,虽然在某些程序设计,如刑事和解程序中有进行认罪协商的积极因素存在,但都难以称之为严格意义上的认罪协商程序。当下我国正在进行新一轮的司法改革,无论是现在所开展的刑事速裁程序工作还是进行认罪认罚从宽制度工作,皆已表明当下我国正欲积极的建构独立的刑事认罪协商程序。本文认为,相比于传统审判程序之正义的显性化表达,刑事认罪协商程序则是透过控诉及答辩的弹性而以较为隐性的方式来达成司法正义,两者在本质上并无不同,都是将司法正义作为最终的价值追求。因此,刑事认罪协商程序具有正当性基础,并且在当下我国司法改革的背景下有必要构建刑事认罪协商程序。据此,本文在借鉴国外刑事认罪协商程序的基础上,并结合我国司法改革的大背景,进而提出了构建刑事认罪协商程序的具体构想。本文之正文共有六个部分,具体如下:第一章主要是提出问题,即刑事认罪协商程序本为具有争议性的制度,我国在推进司法改革的当下如何在在遵循司法规律、兼顾司法公正与诉讼效率的前提下,以现有的刑事法律制度框架为基础构建体系化的、适合中国国情的刑事认罪协商程序。第二章主要是指出司法正义是刑事认罪协商程序的本质,其获正当性的理论支撑包括诉讼效率理论、基本权利放弃理论、功利主义价值理论以及目的刑罚论等。第三章主要是从比较法的视角阐述了美国、英国、德国以及意大利的刑事认罪协商程序,以期对我国构建刑事认罪协商程序有所借鉴。第四章主要是对当下我国司法改革中与刑事认罪协商程序关系较为密切的相关制度进行具体考察分析。第五章主要是从现代型刑事犯罪的特征、审判中心主义、司法员额制改革以及司法人权保障的角度论述我国构建刑事认罪协商程序的必要性。第六章则是以当下推进司法改革为基本的着眼点,从适用范围、参与主体、具体协商内容、程序进行以及程序救济等方面对刑事认罪协商程序的具体构架提出基本设想。
[Abstract]:The negotiation procedure of criminal plea is a consultative judicial system originating from the United States, and its typical manifestation is plea bargaining, that is, the criminal suspect or defendant takes active confession and sincere repentance as the premise. Under the pressure of judicial burden, it can be said that the dilemma faced by countries all over the world is consistent, although the consultative judicial model itself is controversial. However, it has not prevented more and more countries from actively using the plea bargaining of the United States as a model to construct their own criminal plea bargaining procedures in order to effectively ease the difficulties of the administration of justice. Plea bargaining mode has become an important judicial practice in the world, and will certainly be the development trend of criminal justice in the future. The plea bargaining procedure is not explicitly established in China's criminal procedure law, although some procedures are designed. For example, there are positive factors in the process of criminal reconciliation, but it is difficult to call it the plea bargaining procedure in the strict sense. At present, China is carrying out a new round of judicial reform. Both the criminal fast-adjudication procedure and the leniency system of guilty plea and punishment have indicated that our country is now actively trying to construct an independent criminal plea negotiation procedure. Compared with the explicit expression of justice in the traditional trial procedure, the criminal plea negotiation procedure achieves judicial justice in a more implicit way through the flexibility of complaint and defense, and there is no difference in essence between the two. Therefore, the procedure of criminal plea bargaining has the basis of legitimacy, and it is necessary to construct the negotiation procedure of criminal plea under the background of judicial reform in our country. On the basis of foreign criminal plea bargaining procedure and the background of judicial reform in our country, this paper puts forward the concrete conception of constructing criminal plea bargaining procedure. There are six parts in the text of this paper. The first chapter is mainly to raise questions, that is, the criminal plea bargaining procedure is a controversial system, how to promote the current judicial reform in accordance with the law of justice, judicial justice and efficiency of the premise, On the basis of the existing criminal legal system framework, the author constructs a systematized criminal plea bargaining procedure suitable for China's national conditions. The second chapter mainly points out that judicial justice is the essence of criminal plea negotiation procedure. The theoretical support of its legitimacy includes the theory of litigation efficiency, the theory of renunciation of basic rights, the theory of utilitarian value and the theory of purpose and penalty. Chapter three mainly expounds the United States and Britain from the perspective of comparative law. Criminal plea negotiation procedures in Germany and Italy, In order to construct the criminal plea negotiation procedure in our country some reference. 4th chapter is mainly to carry on the concrete investigation and analysis to the related system which is closely related to the criminal plea negotiation procedure in the current judicial reform of our country. 5th chapter main. From the characteristics of modern criminal offences, From the point of view of judicial centralism, judicial post system reform and judicial human rights guarantee, this paper discusses the necessity of constructing criminal plea bargaining procedure in China. Chapter 6th focuses on the current judicial reform and participates in the subject from the scope of application. The concrete negotiation content, the procedure and the procedure relief put forward the basic idea to the concrete frame of the criminal plea negotiation procedure.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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