论以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革：内涵、目标及实现路径

发布时间：2018-02-28 23:22

本文关键词： 以审判为中心诉讼制度庭审实质化　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革是现代刑事司法理念与我国刑事司法实践结合而来的一项重要司法举措,其核心价值体现在刑事诉讼领域。本文首部以以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的实质内涵出发,对以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的学理内涵及实践意蕴进行阐述,以审判为中心,是现代法治国家共同遵循的刑事诉讼理念,其要求审判在整个刑事诉讼中具有决定性的地位,审判对案件的调查、事实认定具有实质性作用,只有经过正当程序的审判,才能最终确定被告人的刑事责任问题;分析由以侦查为中心至以审判为中心的司法实践演进,系统阐述了审判中心论与诉讼阶段论的区别,进而明确以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的正确性及必要性;概括出以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的基本要求在于确立审判在刑事诉讼中的核心地位及切实推进庭审实质化。经过对以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的实质内涵及基本要求的研判,文章的中部系统阐述了以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的目标,一是规范侦查权、检察权、审判权的行使,对公权力予以必要限制;二是切实保障当事人诉讼权利的实现,对私权予以尊重和保障;三是推进案件的程序正义及实体正义,案件获得公正审判是刑事诉讼的核心目标;四是维护司法权威,提升法治治理水平,这是以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革在促进法治发展水平层面上的价值,也是其最为宏观与深远的意义所在;该四方面的现实目标为深入研究以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革提供理论及实践动力。文章最后一部分详细阐释了以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的实现路径在于:一、刑事司法理念之革新;二、审前程序的诉讼化改造,综合运用司法令状制、强化检察监督、保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人权利、完善司法救济机制,使审判权更好地对审前程序进行监督及引导;三、推进庭审实质化,庭审是实体正义与程序正义结合最紧密之处,刑事诉讼要求证据确实充分并排除合理怀疑,证据在获取、固定、保存上程序的合法性,及实体上的客观性、关联性均需要通过庭审中的举证、质证来完成,结合我国司法实践及外国有益经验,改革全案卷宗移送制度、建立证据开示制度、完善庭前会议制度,贯彻直接言辞原则成为推进庭审实质化的题中之义;四、确立并严格适用证据裁判规则,其中最核心处在于严守非法证据排除规则和贯彻疑罪从无原则,毒树之果必须排除于定罪量刑的证据链条之外,对证据不确实充分、无法排除合理怀疑的案件严格贯彻疑罪从无的刑事司法理念。以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革,是一项系统而复杂的刑事司法理念与制度的转变与塑造,是司法资源与司法权力的优化配置与非零和博弈,彻底实现其改革理念,需要一个较长的司法发展过程,实现路径上的刑事司法理念更新、制度重构完善都需要理论上更为深远的探讨与实务上建设性的回应。以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革符合刑事司法的发展规律,有利于刑事案件获得公平公正的审判,促进国家法治治理水平的提升,最终必将推进法治文明的进步及人权的保障。
[Abstract]:The trial centered litigation system reform is an important measure for the modern judicial concept of criminal justice and criminal justice practice and its core values embodied in the field of criminal procedure. The essence of the first portion of the trial centered litigation system reform, the trial centered litigation system reform theoretical connotation and practical significance are described, the trial centered, is the modern rule of law to follow the concept of criminal proceedings, the trial has a decisive role in the criminal proceedings in the trial of the case investigation, the fact that has a substantial effect, only after the due process of trial, in order to ultimately determine the criminal responsibility the defendant; analysis of judicial practice in investigation of evolution from the center to the center of the trial system, expounds the trial centered theory and litigation theory into different stages, And clear the trial centered litigation system reform the correctness and necessity; summarizes the basic requirements of the trial centered litigation system reform is to establish the core position of the trial in the criminal procedure and promote the essence of the trial. After the essence of reform of litigation system on trial as the center and basic requirements the central system analysis, the article described the trial centered litigation system reform goals, one is to regulate the power of investigation, prosecution, adjudication, to give the necessary restrictions on public power; two is to realize and guarantee the litigious rights, respect and protection of private rights; three is to promote the procedure of a case justice and substantive justice, the case to a fair trial is the core objective of criminal litigation; the four is to maintain the judicial authority, enhance the rule of law governance, which is centered on the trial of the lawsuit system in reform The development of rule of law level of value, but also the macro and far-reaching significance; the four aspects of the realistic goals for the further study of the trial centered litigation system reform to provide the theory and practice of power. The last part of the article is to elaborate the trial for the realization of the path in the heart of the litigation system reform. First, innovation concept of criminal justice; two, litigation reform of pretrial procedure, the integrated use of judicial writ system, strengthen the procuratorial supervision, protection of criminal suspects, defendants' rights, improve the judicial relief mechanism, the jurisdiction of pretrial procedure for better supervision and guidance; three, to promote the essence of the trial, the trial is the entity justice and procedural justice in criminal proceedings most closely, the evidence is sufficient and required beyond reasonable doubt, evidence in the acquisition of fixed legitimacy preservation program, objectivity and the entity, Relevance are required by the court to complete the proof, cross examination, combined with China's judicial practice and foreign experiences, the reform of the whole case dossier system, establish the system of disclosure of evidence, perfecting the pretrial conference system, implement the principle of direct words became the essence of the trial in the meaning of the Title; four, establish and strictly apply evidence rules, the core lies in adherence to the rule and carry out the suspected crime from unprincipled illegal evidence, but the fruit of the poisonous tree must be excluded from the conviction and sentencing evidence chain of evidence is not sufficient, can not rule out the idea of criminal justice reasonable doubt cases strictly implement the conflict. The trial centered litigation system reform, transformation and shaping of criminal judicial idea and system of a complex system, optimize the allocation of judicial resources and judicial power and non zero sum game, completely realize the idea of reform, The judicial development requires a long process, realize the criminal justice path update, system reconstruction needs more perfect theoretical discussion and Practice on the far-reaching constructive response. The trial centered litigation system reform conforms to the development rule of criminal justice, to obtain a fair trial of criminal cases, promote rule of law governance, and ultimately will promote the progress of civilization and the rule of human rights protection.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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