我国国际民商事平行诉讼问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 09:23

本文选题：国际民商事平行诉讼　切入点：不方便法院原则　出处：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在经济全球化的背景下,由于各国管辖权制度的差异性和扩张性,导致各国对涉外民商事案件的管辖权容易发生积极冲突。在多个国家均具有管辖权的情况下,当事人往往出于自身利益的考虑进行法院挑选,挑选的结果容易出现当事人同时或先后就同一争议向不同国家的法院提起诉讼的情况,使得国际民商事平行诉讼的产生成为一种必然。国际民商事平行诉讼固然可以为各国当事人提供诉讼上的便利,使得当事人能够获得必要、正当的司法救济,比如保障债权的全面清偿,防止诉讼时效期间届满,保护被告的诉讼权利,限制法院的不当管辖等；但在当事人存在滥诉、恶意拖延诉讼的情况下,平行诉讼则演变为一种亟待解决的现存问题,它往往造成当事人负担的增加、司法资源的浪费、判决的矛盾与冲突,也使得国家间判决的承认与执行困难重重。正源于此,国际上有关规制和协调国际民商事平行诉讼问题的法律机制应运而生。从我国有关平行诉讼的立法和司法实践来看,我国在国际民商事平行诉讼问题上解决得并不理想,存在很多有待完善的地方,有必要结合我国国情参考和借鉴国外协调平行诉讼的丰富经验和方法,从而完善我国国际民商事平行诉讼的协调机制。本文主要采用比较分析方法、理论和实践相结合的研究方法探讨我国国际民商事平行诉讼问题,整篇文章共分为4章。第一章是关于国际民商事平行诉讼概述。这章从平行诉讼的概念出发,具体分析了平行诉讼问题的多元成因和正负价值,从而论证平行诉讼问题规制的正当性。第二章是关于我国国际民商事平行诉讼之现状分析。本部分致力于分析我国有关平行诉讼的立法和司法现状,从中发现问题并尝试挖掘出问题的根源所在。第三章是关于国外对国际民商事平行诉讼的既有协调机制的评析。这部分内容主要以美国和欧盟为例对国际平行诉讼的既有协调机制进行归纳,具体评析了这些协调机制和方法的优劣性从而探索这些机制或方法在我国是否有生长的土壤。第四章是在上述部分的基础上完善我国国际民商事平行诉讼的协调机制。一方面,应当顺应时代变化转变我国看待国际民商事平行诉讼问题的固有视角和思维。另一方面,在具体措施上研究协调我国国际民商事平行诉讼问题的可能路径,从而完善我国国际民商事平行诉讼的协调机制,在司法实践中公正、合理地解决跨国民事争议,促进跨国民事交往的顺利进行。
[Abstract]:Under the background of economic globalization, because of the difference and expansibility of the jurisdiction system of various countries, the jurisdiction of various countries over foreign civil and commercial cases is prone to active conflict. The parties tend to select the court out of self-interest, and the results of the selection are likely to result in the parties taking proceedings in the courts of different countries at the same time or successively in relation to the same dispute, The parallel litigation of international civil and commercial affairs becomes a kind of necessity. The parallel litigation of international civil and commercial affairs can, of course, provide the parties in various countries with the convenience of litigation, and enable the parties to obtain necessary and proper judicial relief. For example, to ensure the full settlement of claims, to prevent the expiration of the limitation period of action, to protect the litigation rights of the defendant, and to limit the improper jurisdiction of the court, etc., but in the case of excessive litigation by the parties and malicious delay in litigation, Parallel litigation has evolved into an existing problem that needs to be solved urgently. It often results in the increase of the burden of the parties, the waste of judicial resources, the contradiction and conflict of the judgment, and the difficulties in the recognition and enforcement of the judgment between countries. The international legal mechanism of regulating and coordinating parallel litigation in international civil and commercial affairs has emerged as the times require. From the legislative and judicial practice of parallel litigation in our country, the problem of parallel litigation in international civil and commercial matters has not been solved satisfactorily in our country. There are many places to be perfected. It is necessary to refer to and learn from the rich experience and methods of coordinating parallel litigation in foreign countries, so as to perfect the coordination mechanism of parallel litigation in international civil and commercial affairs. This article is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is an overview of international civil and commercial parallel litigation. This chapter starts from the concept of parallel litigation. This paper analyzes the multiple causes and positive and negative value of parallel litigation. The second chapter is about the analysis of the current situation of China's international civil and commercial parallel litigation. This part is devoted to the analysis of the legislation and judicial status of parallel litigation in China. The third chapter is about the analysis of the existing coordination mechanism of foreign parallel litigation against international civil and commercial affairs. This part mainly takes the United States and the European Union as an example to the international parallel litigation. The existing coordination mechanism of litigation is summarized. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these coordination mechanisms and methods and explores whether they have the soil to grow in our country. Chapter 4th is to perfect the coordination mechanism of parallel litigation of international civil and commercial affairs in China on the basis of the above mentioned parts. We should adapt to the changes of the times and change our country's inherent perspective and thinking on the issue of parallel litigation in international civil and commercial affairs. On the other hand, we should study the possible ways to coordinate the problem of parallel litigation of international civil and commercial affairs in China on the basis of concrete measures. In order to perfect the coordination mechanism of parallel litigation of international civil and commercial affairs in our country, solve transnational civil disputes fairly and reasonably in judicial practice, and promote the smooth progress of transnational civil communication.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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