基于能动性的环境司法制度变革研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 11:02

本文选题：环境司法　切入点：能动性　出处：《甘肃政法学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：环境司法能动性是基于我国环境法治所面临的困境而提出的。因为司法本身的被动性,导致其在处理环境纠纷时难以发挥出应有功能,而能动的环境司法符合预防理念、可以有效弥补环境立法不足,在保障公民环境权益等方面体现出价值。但由于一直以来受消极被动的司法理念影响,以及由于在受案范围、诉讼规则以及执行方面的立法缺失,我国环境司法表现出解决问题能力不足和在解决方式中被边缘化的境遇。鉴于此,在环境司法领域我国面临司法变革的现实需要。其实,我国环境司法的能动性变革在立法,司法及社会等各方面已有深刻现实基础存在,并且结合我国最先开展地方探索的贵州、云南两省的环境司法实践经验,对其现状与问题展开分析,可以为我国环境司法变革找到重要实践依据。当然,如何打破司法僵局,还是要先从转变司法理念入手,环境优先、多方协同、提前介入等理念都会对司法效果的发挥产生积极作用。而对于变革的方向,实践证明,自上而下的中央主导和自下而上的地方探索两条变革路径无异于是我们的最佳选择。通过对以上困境和司法实践进行梳理,我们可以从以下方面展开,提出对环境司法变革的具体建议:完善跨行政区域管辖制度、建立新的审判模式和举证责任、法官积极主动地调取证据和赋予法官释明权等。最后,在倡导能动性环境司法的同时,我们还必须遵循能动问题研究的本质,因为任何能动性的发挥都是存在一定限度的,如何做到合法性与合理性的兼顾,能动与被动的平衡,这也是能动性问题研究的最终落脚点。
[Abstract]:The environment of judicial activism is put forward based on the environmental law in our country. Because of the difficulties faced by the judicial passivity itself, resulting in solving environmental dispute is difficult to play its due function, and active environmental justice is in line with the concept of prevention, can effectively compensate for the environmental legislation is not enough, reflect the value in the protection of environmental rights and interests of citizens. For a long time. But by the passive influence of judicial philosophy, as well as in scope, lack of legislation of litigation rules and the implementation of China's environmental justice showed the ability to solve problems and deficiencies in solution in the marginalized situation. In view of this, in the field of environmental justice in our country are in the need of judicial reform the reality. In fact, China's environmental justice initiative changes in legislation, there have been a profound realistic foundation in all aspects of judicial and social, and combined with China's first exhibition place To explore the Guizhou environment, the experience of judicial practice in Yunnan province is two, analyzes its current situation and problems, can find important practice basis for environmental judicial reform in China. Of course, how to break the deadlock in the judicial, still want to change from the judicial concept of environmental priorities, multi-party collaboration, early intervention concept will play on justice the effect of positive role. But for the direction of change, practice has proved that the top-down and bottom-up central leading place to explore two ways and is our best choice. By analyzing the above problems and the judicial practice, we can start from the following aspects, put forward specific suggestions on Environmental judicial reform: perfect cross administration the regional jurisdiction system, establish a new mode of judgment and the burden of proof, the judge actively collect evidence and give the judge interpretation right. Finally, in advocating the initiative At the same time of environmental justice, we must follow the essence of the research on dynamic problems, because there is a certain limit to the play of any initiative. How to balance the legitimacy and rationality, and balance the initiative and passivity, is the ultimate goal of the research on the dynamic problem.

【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926

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