我国行政公益诉讼原告资格制度探究

发布时间：2018-03-13 21:22

本文选题：行政公益诉讼　切入点：原告资格　出处：《安徽大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2012年8月新的《民事诉讼法》修正案通过,第一次将公益诉讼在法律上以明文规定,开启了我国民事公益诉讼的大门。我国现行的《行政诉讼法》及其相关司法解释,都没有对谁有资格提起以维护公共利益为目的行政诉讼做出规定。现实生活中,公共利益屡遭侵犯亟需在司法上为其救济提供保障。随着公益诉讼制度在我国民事领域的确立,在我国建立行政公益诉讼制度的呼声越来越高,其中首先要解决的是原告资格问题,它是行政公益诉讼启动的先决条件,在建立行政公益诉讼制度中尤为重要。行政公益诉讼是指为维护公共利益,经法律授权的主体向法院提起追究行政主体侵犯公共利益法律责任的诉讼活动。行政公益诉讼原告资格则是指：能够以自己的名义提起行政公益诉讼的主体,在法律上应当具备的条件和身份。它的产生和发展得益于权力制约理论、公共信托理论、诉的利益扩张理论的提出与应用。这些理论分别为行政公益诉讼原告资格确立的必要性、正当性和可行性三方面提供理论支撑。我国现行法律及相关司法解释对行政诉讼原告资格的规定无法满足对提起行政公益诉讼的原告资格判断,而维护公共利益的现实和司法实践需要,亟需弥补行政公益诉讼原告资格这一立法空白。本文通过对已建立成熟的行政公益诉讼原告资格制度国家的考察,结合我国国情,建议将我国行政公益诉讼原告资格的确立标准确定为“法律规定的主体认为行政行为对应当受法律保护的权益有不利影响”。在此基础上,提出我国应建立包括检察机关、社会团体和公民个人的多元化行政公益诉讼原告主体资格模式。另外,在原告资格承担主体多元化的基础上,建议在提起诉讼时确立一定的优先级。根据我国人民检察院法律监督机关的法律性质和国家强制力保障的自身优势,确立检察机关原告主体资格的优先地位。考虑我国社会团体和公民个人代表公共利益的局限性和自身力量的不足,将二者作为提起行政公益诉讼的补充。
[Abstract]:In August 2012, the new amendment of the Civil procedure Law was adopted, which for the first time opened the door of the civil public interest litigation in our country. No provision has been made on who is entitled to file administrative litigation for the purpose of safeguarding the public interest. In reality, it is urgent to provide judicial protection for its relief by repeated infringements of the public interest. With the establishment of the public interest litigation system in the civil field of our country, In our country, the voice of establishing administrative public interest litigation system is getting higher and higher, among which the first problem to be solved is the plaintiff's qualification, which is a prerequisite for the initiation of administrative public interest litigation, and is especially important in the establishment of administrative public interest litigation system. Administrative public interest litigation refers to the protection of public interests, The subject authorized by law brings to the court the action to investigate the legal liability of the administrative subject for violating the public interest. The qualification of the plaintiff in the administrative public interest lawsuit refers to the subject who can file the administrative public interest lawsuit in his own name, Its emergence and development benefit from the theory of power restriction, the theory of public trust, These theories provide theoretical support for the necessity, legitimacy and feasibility of the establishment of plaintiff's qualification in administrative public interest litigation. The current laws and related judicial interpretations of our country can not meet the requirements of the plaintiff's qualification in administrative litigation, but the reality and judicial practice of safeguarding the public interest can not satisfy the judgment of the plaintiff's qualification in the administrative public interest litigation. Urgent need to fill the administrative public interest litigation plaintiff qualification this legislative gap. This article through the establishment of mature administrative public interest litigation plaintiff qualification system of the investigation of the country, combined with our national conditions, It is suggested that the establishment standard of plaintiff's qualification in administrative public interest litigation in our country should be determined as "the subject of the law thinks that the administrative act has adverse effects on the rights and interests that should be protected by law". On this basis, it is proposed that China should establish the procuratorial organ, including the procuratorial organ. In addition, on the basis of the pluralism of the plaintiff's qualification, the plaintiff's qualification is based on the diversity of the plaintiff's qualification. According to the legal nature of the legal supervisory organ of the people's procuratorate and the advantages of the national coercive power, In order to establish the priority status of the plaintiff's subject qualification of procuratorial organ, considering the limitation of public interest represented by social organization and individual citizen in our country and the deficiency of their own strength, the two should be taken as the supplement to the administrative public interest lawsuit.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.3;D925.1

【相似文献】