论未决羁押场所的职能

发布时间：2018-03-17 06:44

本文选题：未决羁押场所　切入点：职能　出处：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：未决羁押场所,不同国家有着不同称谓,我国被称之为看守所。近年来,改革我国看守所制度是我国法学界共同的呼声,多数学者建议国家制定专门的看守所法,以取代目前的看守所条例。在立法权主体方面,学者们普遍认为,看守所法应当由国家权力机关而非公安部制定。看守所制度改革成为我国法学界关注的一个热点问题,学者们对我国看守所的立法模式,看守所制度改革的目标,看守所的体制机制,看守所管理与监督,被监管人权利与义务,看守所的法律责任等提出了很多有益的见解,对于我国看守所制度的改革具有重要参考意义。但是,在我国学界,还没有学者对看守所的职能进行专门研究。看守所的职能定位是一个关乎看守所制度改革方向的根本问题,无论是看守所立法模式的选择,看守所体制机制的确立,看守所的管理与监督,看守所的法律责任等,都不能回避看守所的职能定位这个基本理论问题。对看守所职能的研究具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义,一方面符合现代宪政原则中控制未决羁押这一法治原则,另一方面有利于我国看守所的制度改革。本文试图通过考察中外未决羁押场所职能演变的历史,把握未决羁押场所职能演变的规律,从纵向角度为我国看守所的职能定位提供前瞻性指引;通过介绍域外未决羁押场所的职能,为我国看守所的职能定位提供横向性经验借鉴。并以此为基础,提出完善我国看守所制度的思路与对策。考察中外未决羁押场所职能演变的历史,可以发现,大概经历了从纯粹惩罚职能,到惩罚职能为主、诉讼保障职能为辅;从诉讼保障职能为主、惩罚职能为辅,再到诉讼保障为主、人权保障为辅,最后到人权保障为主、诉讼保障为辅的历史发展过程。我国看守所职能的重新定位,应以保障犯罪嫌疑人人权为首要职能,以监督、制约办案机关的办案行为为重要职能,以保障诉讼顺利进行为基本职能。我国看守所制度的改革必须顺应中外未决羁押场所职能的历史演变趋势和规律,以保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的人权为价值目标,设计我国看守所制度的具体内容。全文共有四个部分:第一部分:阐释未决羁押场所职能的理论基础。未决羁押场所的职能由特定历史时期不同政治制度下的刑法理念与刑事诉讼价值理念决定。刑罚目的观、诉讼保障观、人权保障观是未决羁押场所职能定位的重要理论基础。第二部分:通过考察中外未决羁押场所职能演变的历史,总结其职能演变的趋势和规律,为我国看守所制度改革提供前瞻性价值指向。第三部分:介绍我国未决羁押场所的现有职能,剖析我国未决羁押场所现有职能实施中存在的主要问题。我国未决羁押场所现有的职能包括:羁押监管职能、侦查辅助职能、诉讼保障职能和人权保障职能。侦查与羁押合一、羁押监管体制不合理、人权保障不力是我国未决羁押场所现有职能实施中存在的主要问题第四部分:完善我国未决羁押场所职能的建议。包括:以保障犯罪嫌疑人人权为首要职能,以制约办案机关的办案行为为重要职能,以保障刑事诉讼顺利进行为基本职能。要实现我国看守所的上述职能,必须建立侦羁分离的看守所体制,加强被羁押人的人权保障,强化对看守所的监督。
[Abstract]:Places of custody, different countries have different titles in China, known as the detention center. In recent years, the reform of China's detention system is the voice of the common law circles of our country, many scholars suggested that the state establish special detention law, to replace the current detention regulations. In terms of legislative body, scholars they generally believe that the law should be made by the organ of state power rather than the Ministry of public security. The system reform become a hot issue in the law circle of China, the scholars of our country the legislation mode of the detention system reform goal, system and mechanism of detention, the detention center management and supervision. Supervision right and obligation, the legal responsibility put forward many useful insights, and has important reference significance for the reform of China's detention system. However, in my Ancient Chinese Literature Search circles, also failed to keep the function of scholars Special study. Function of the detention center is one of the fundamental problems of detention system reform direction, whether it is the choice of the legislative mode of the establishment of institutional mechanisms, management and supervision of detention, the detention center of the legal responsibility, can not avoid the function of detention this basic theoretical issues. It has very important theoretical significance and practical significance to study the detention center functions, on the one hand, in line with the principle of rule of law in custody pending control of modern constitutional principle, on the other hand, is conducive to the reform of the detention center. This article attempts to study Chinese and foreign pending detention places function evolution history, grasp the evolution of the functions of pretrial detention places from the angle of law, vertical orientation of the functions of the detention center to provide forward-looking guidance; through the introduction of extraterritorial custody places for functions, functions of the Chinese detention center set With a horizontal reference. And on this basis, put forward some countermeasures to perfect our country detention system. Reviewed the evolution history of the functions of pretrial detention places, can be found, probably experienced functions from pure punishment to punishment function based, supplemented by lawsuit protection function; mainly from the litigation security functions, supplemented by punishment function then, to protect the main proceedings, the protection of human rights as a supplement, finally to the protection of human rights, litigation security supplemented by the history of the development process. The re orientation of our detention center functions, to protect the rights of criminal suspects for primary responsibility, to supervise the handling behavior, constraints handling organs important functions, in order to ensure the smooth action as the basic function. The historical evolution tendency and law reform of our detention system must adapt to the Chinese and foreign custody places functions, to protect the suspect, the defendant's human rights The value goal, the specific content of the design of our detention system. This thesis consists of four parts: the first part: the theoretical basis of interpretation of pending detention places functions. The functions of pretrial detention places by the specific historical period of different political system under the concept of criminal law and criminal procedure values. The purpose of penalty concept, litigation security concept the idea of protecting human rights is an important theoretical basis for place functions of pretrial detention. The second part: through the investigation of Chinese and foreign outstanding places of detention function evolution history, summarizes the trends and patterns of function evolution, for our country the reform provided to prospective value. The third part introduces the existing functions of China's pretrial detention places. Analyze the main problems of our country's pretrial detention places existing functions exist in the implementation of China's pretrial detention places. Including the existing functions: custody supervision and investigation support functions, V. Lawsuit protection functions and protection of human rights. The functions of investigation and custody, custody supervision system is unreasonable, inadequate protection of human rights is the main problem of China's pretrial detention places existing functions exist in the implementation of the fourth part: the perfection of pretrial detention places functions include: suggestions. In order to protect the human rights of criminal suspects for primary responsibility, in case the behavior control handling organs important functions, in order to ensure the smooth criminal procedure as the basic function. To achieve the function of our detention, detention system must be established to detect custodial separation, strengthen the custody of the human rights protection, and strengthen supervision of the detention center.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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