论刑事诉讼中电子数据的收集与运用

发布时间：2018-03-22 17:39

本文选题：电子数据　切入点：取证规范化　出处：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会的快速发展使得计算机技术、通讯技术日新月异,作为电子化、数字化电子数据信息,也愈发影响着人们的日常生活,2012年新《刑事诉讼法》也将电子数据列为一项新的法定证据类型。电子数据是信息化的数据,具有无形性、信息脆弱性、易受破坏性等特点,这特殊性对电子数据取证、认证提出了特殊要求。但是目前我国电子数据的相关的证据规则仍不够完善,取证规则、认证规则依然存在许多不足。就取证方面而言,作为高科技性的电子数据,取证主体、取证人员资格未作限定;电子数据的固定和保存必须依照严格的程序为进行,以保证其完整性和连贯性,但是我国没有构建电子数据的证据保管链制度,故对侦查人员、侦查行为的约束程度不够,容易导致电子数据客观性、合法性、关联性的缺失;电子数据电子数据的鉴定通常是为了侦查的继续而进行,鉴定存在严重的侦查依附性,需要相应的措施去除侦查的依附性。就认证方面而言,首先我国没有单独的电子数据法,缺乏体系化的规范指引,需要构建相应的证据法律体系;其次,电子数据的认证、审查判断规则不尽完善,对最佳证据规则、可采性规则、补强规则的细化不够,不利于法庭对电子数据的质证和审查判断,进而影响诉讼程序的进行。再之,新刑诉法虽然新规定了专家辅助人制度,但是电子数据有其特殊性,故对电子数据的专家辅助人制度应特殊对待。但我国对这方面的法律法规较少,且多为原则性的规定,缺乏可操作性,有必要健全和完善电子数据方面的专家辅助人制度。本文的逻辑结构如下:首先介绍了电子数据的概念和特征,对电子数据的特殊性进行详解。其次第二部分介绍了域外电子数据的取证、认证制度,对国外电子数据制度进行了分析。接着笔者讨论了我国电子数据取证规则的不足以及取证规范化面临的问题,并重点论及了解决途径和笔者的建议。最后论述了我国电子数据认证规范化面临的问题,且重点论述了笔者完善意见和建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society, computer technology and communication technology are changing with each passing day. As electronic and digital electronic data information, In 2012, the new Criminal procedure Law also listed electronic data as a new type of statutory evidence. Electronic data is information based data, with the characteristics of invisibility, information vulnerability, vulnerability, and so on. This particularity puts forward special requirements for electronic data forensics and authentication. However, at present, the relevant evidence rules of electronic data in our country are still not perfect, and there are still many deficiencies in the rules of evidence collection and authentication. As high-tech electronic data, the subject of evidence collection, the qualification of forensics personnel is not limited; the fixation and preservation of electronic data must be carried out in accordance with strict procedures in order to ensure its integrity and consistency, But our country does not construct the evidence chain system of electronic data, so to investigators, the degree of restriction of investigation behavior is not enough, which can easily lead to the lack of objectivity, legitimacy and relevance of electronic data. The identification of electronic data is usually carried out for the purpose of the continuation of investigation. There is serious investigative dependence in the identification, and corresponding measures are needed to remove the dependence of investigation. As far as authentication is concerned, first of all, there is no separate electronic data method in our country. Lack of systematic normative guidance, need to build a corresponding legal system of evidence; secondly, the authentication of electronic data, review and judgment rules are not perfect, for the best rules of evidence, admissibility rules, reinforcement rules of refinement is not enough, It is unfavorable for the court to cross-examine and examine the electronic data, thus affecting the proceeding of the lawsuit. Secondly, although the new Criminal procedure Law provides for the expert assistant system, the electronic data has its particularity. Therefore, the expert assistant system of electronic data should be treated specially. However, there are few laws and regulations in this field in our country, and most of them are rules of principle, so they are lack of maneuverability. It is necessary to perfect the expert assistant system in electronic data. The logical structure of this paper is as follows: firstly, the concept and characteristics of electronic data are introduced. The particularity of electronic data is explained in detail. Secondly, the second part introduces the evidence collection and authentication system of electronic data outside the country. This paper analyzes the electronic data system in foreign countries. Then the author discusses the shortcomings of the rules of electronic data collection in China and the problems faced by the standardization of evidence collection. Finally, the paper discusses the problems faced by the standardization of electronic data authentication in China, and puts emphasis on the author's opinions and suggestions on how to improve the authentication of electronic data.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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