德国联邦宪法法院的抽象规范审查程序

发布时间：2018-03-23 23:07

本文选题：抽象规范审查　切入点：客观释明利益　出处：《环球法律评论》2017年05期

【摘要】：德国违宪审查制度是最具代表性的宪法保障制度之一。抽象规范审查是为弥补美式具体司法审查的不足而发展起来的一种客观规范审查程序。抽象规范审查是在由于联邦制而形成的规范审查、法官的规范审查权以及规范审查权集中于宪法法院等基础上发展起来的。基本法对抽象规范审查程序作了规定,联邦宪法法院则对之作了具体化。经由对基本法和联邦宪法法院法有关抽象审查的受理要件、审查依据、判决形式和效力、特别程序的规定以及相关学说与判例的介绍和分析,可以发现,即便在德国,抽象规范审查作为宪法保障制度所发挥的功能也非常有限,在缺乏具体案件的情况下,宪法法院不仅可能对法律难以有充分的认识,而且容易沦为咨询机关及政党斗争的工具,损害司法权威。
[Abstract]:Germany's unconstitutional review system is one of the most representative constitutional guarantee systems. Abstract normative review is an objective normative review procedure developed to make up for the deficiencies of the specific judicial review in the United States. Normative review resulting from federalism, The judges' normative review powers and their normative review powers have been developed on the basis of the Constitutional Court. The basic Law provides for an abstract normative review procedure. The Federal Constitutional Court, for its part, has concretized it. Through the introduction and analysis of the basic Law and the Federal Constitutional Court Law on the admissibility of the abstract review, the basis of the review, the form and effect of the judgment, the provisions of the special procedures and the relevant doctrines and jurisprudence, It can be found that, even in Germany, the function of the review of abstract norms as a system of constitutional guarantees is very limited. In the absence of specific cases, the Constitutional Court may not only be unable to fully understand the law, And easy to become advisory bodies and political parties fighting tools, damage to judicial authority.
【作者单位】：中国青年政治学院法学院;
【基金】：作者参与的北京市社会科学基金重大项目“我国宪法实施制度的改进与完善”的研究成果
【分类号】：D951.6;DD916.2

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