我国刑事被害人救助制度实证研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 10:03

本文选题：刑事被害人　切入点：救助　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着被害人学的不断发展，被害人相关救助制度也在不断完善。目前世界上许多国家已经通过立法来确立了自己的刑事被害人相关救助制度，相应的，我国也通过一系列的司法实践推动了该项制度的确立和不断深化。本文从被害人学的发展历史角度出发，阐释了刑事被害人救助制度的理论基础，将各国现行立法中的有关刑事被害人的损害赔偿进行了分类，并对各国的刑事被害人救助制度做了梳理，以期达到对我国的刑事被害人制度建立后的实效问题作出分析探讨的目的，并在最后提出了对健全刑事被害人救助制度的构想。在刑事附带民事诉讼中，由于被告人的赔偿能力不足的问题，刑事被害人在判决中所获得的赔偿在实际中的落实几率往往只有20%，我国的刑事被害人救助制度也正是在此基础上应运而生的。但自从2004年地方司法机关的试点尝试，，直至2009年中央8部委联合发布的《关于开展刑事被害人救助工作的若干意见》颁行至今，这一制度的建立虽然解决了一部分刑事被害人及其家属的生活困难，但同时也还存在各种问题，从而导致大量被害人及其家属并未受惠。基于以上事实，笔者试图通过案例对于这一制度进行反思，探讨其失效的原因，从而使被害人合法权益的长效保护成为可能。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of victim science, the victim related relief system is also constantly improved. At present, many countries in the world have established their own criminal victim related relief system through legislation. Through a series of judicial practices, China has also promoted the establishment and deepening of the system. From the perspective of the history of the development of victimology, this paper explains the theoretical basis of the criminal victim relief system. It classifies the damage compensation of the criminal victim in the current legislation of various countries, and combs the relief system of the criminal victim in various countries. In order to achieve the purpose of analyzing and discussing the actual effect after the establishment of criminal victim system in our country, and finally put forward the idea of perfecting the criminal victim relief system. In a civil suit incidental to a criminal case, due to the lack of compensation capacity of the defendant, The criminal victim's compensation in the judgment is usually only 20% in practice, and the criminal victim relief system in our country has emerged on this basis. However, since the trial of the local judicial organs in 2004, Until 2009, when the Central Committee of 8 ministries and commissions jointly issued several opinions on the implementation of the Criminal victim Relief work, the establishment of this system has solved the living difficulties of some criminal victims and their families, although the establishment of the system has solved the difficulties of some criminal victims and their families. But at the same time, there are also various problems, resulting in a large number of victims and their families did not benefit. Based on the above facts, the author tries to reflect on the system through cases, and explore the reasons for its failure. Thus, the long-term protection of the victim's legitimate rights and interests becomes possible.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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