司法公开语境下的减刑假释程序完善

发布时间：2018-04-01 14:13

本文选题：减刑　切入点：假释　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：减刑假释是我国在改造罪犯的实践中逐步建立起来的具有我国特色的刑罚执行制度。我国的减刑假释制度,经过长期实践和不断完善,在刑罚执行方面起到了极为重要的作用。然而现行的减刑假释制度,还存在着种种缺陷。这些缺陷,使得减刑假释犹如在‘暗箱”中操作运行,成为影响司法公开公正的一大屏障。第一部分减刑假释的性质、功能以及权力属性。减刑对罪犯本人具有积极的引导作用,能够稳定监狱监管秩序,还对原判刑罚起到一定调控作用；假释除了具有上述功能外,还具有培养罪犯的自律意识及能力、作为罪犯从身陷牢狱到完全融入社会的过渡作用。减刑假释权不仅仅是国家的刑罚执行权力,同时也是罪犯在认罪悔罪认真改造的前提下应当享有的一项权利。在权力归属上,减刑假释权在司法实质上是刑罚变更,系司法判断权的范畴,故应该属于司法权。第二部分减刑假释的产生与发展。在减刑制度的发展历程中,出现了善时制、不定期刑、累进处遇、假释等形式的行刑制度,假释制度在世界范围的广泛实行,受了目的主义、主观主义的影响。第三部分减刑假释程序的现状以及存在的缺陷。根据我国现行法律规定,刑罚执行机关是减刑假释建议的提请机关,其它任何组织和个人都无权提请。在审判阶段,案件的审理方式以书面审理为主,开庭程序较为简单,缺乏检察机关的有效监督。在这样的程序下,罪犯和被害人的权利得不到保障。审判阶段大量采用书面审理方式、裁判文书千篇一律、开庭程序较为简单,这种不透明的程序设计,虽然提高了司法效率,但在实质层面却影响了司法公正,导致了司法权威的丧失。检察机关的监督操作难,并且具有滞后性,缺乏有效的监督手段,从而有可能造成司法腐败。第四部分完善减刑假释程序的设想。要想完善程序,需要构建多方参与的减刑假释提请程序,赋予罪犯一定的提请权。构建公开透明的审判程序,加大开庭审理比例,完善开庭审理程序,保障罪犯、被害人以及律师的参与权。增加裁判结果透明度,提高文书质量,推动减刑假释裁定上网。完善和改革检察机关对于减刑假释案件的检察监督,构建贯穿减刑假释各个阶段的同步监督体系。加强各单位沟通交流,构建畅通的减刑假释办理机制。
[Abstract]:Commutation and parole is a penalty execution system with Chinese characteristics, which is gradually established in the practice of reforming criminals. The commutation and parole system of our country has been practiced and improved for a long time. However, the current commutation and parole system still has a variety of defects. These defects make commutation and parole operate as if in the 'dark box'. To become a barrier to judicial openness and justice. The first part is about the nature, function and power attribute of commutation and parole. Commutation plays a positive role in guiding the criminal himself, stabilizing the prison supervision order and regulating the original sentence. It also has the ability to cultivate the self-discipline of criminals, as the transitional role of criminals from imprisonment to full integration into society. The right of commutation and parole is not only the state's power to execute punishment. At the same time, it is also a right that criminals should enjoy under the premise of serious reformation of guilty repentance. In power attribution, the right of commutation and parole is essentially a change of punishment, which belongs to the category of judicial judgment, so it should belong to judicial power. The second part is about the emergence and development of commutation and parole. In the development of commutation system, there are some forms of execution system, such as good time system, indefinite punishment, progressive punishment, parole and so on, and the parole system is widely implemented in the world. Under the influence of objectivism and subjectivism. The third part is about the current situation of commutation and parole procedure and its defects. According to the current law of our country, the penalty enforcement organ is the requesting organization for commutation and parole proposal, and no other organization or individual has the right to bring it to the court at the trial stage. The trial mode of the case is mainly written trial, the procedure of the court session is relatively simple, and the effective supervision of the procuratorial organ is lacking. Under such procedure, the rights of the criminal and the victim are not guaranteed. In the trial stage, a large number of written hearing methods are used. The judicial documents are uniform, and the procedure of the court session is relatively simple. Although the opaque procedure design has improved the judicial efficiency, it has affected the judicial justice on the substantive level, resulting in the loss of judicial authority, and the supervision and operation of the procuratorial organ is difficult. And lag, lack of effective means of supervision, which may lead to judicial corruption. The fourth part is to perfect the procedure of commutation and parole. In order to perfect the procedure, it is necessary to construct a multi-participation commutation and parole application procedure, to give the criminal the right to request, to construct an open and transparent trial procedure, and to increase the proportion of court hearings. To improve the hearing procedures in court sessions, to protect the participation rights of criminals, victims and lawyers, to increase the transparency of adjudication results, to improve the quality of documents, to promote the use of the Internet for commutation and parole rulings, and to perfect and reform the procuratorial supervision of commutation and parole cases by procuratorial organs. Construct the synchronous supervision system running through each stage of commutation and parole, strengthen the communication and exchange among various units, and construct a smooth mechanism of commutation and parole management.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2;D924.13

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