中国秘密侦查问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 05:13

本文选题：秘密侦查　切入点：侦查制度　出处：《浙江大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的不断发展,犯罪形式呈现智能化、隐蔽化、复杂化等趋势,一些社会危害性大、组织性强、破获难度高的犯罪案件给公开侦查方式提出了新的挑战。面对当前复杂的社会形势及新型犯罪,侦查机关必须适时转变侦查思路。秘密侦查作为一种行之有效的侦查取证措施,在侦查实践中越来越受到侦查机关的重视。目前,世界上很多国家都已采用秘密侦查的方式来侦破案件、打击罪犯。但是由于秘密侦查行为具有隐蔽性、秘密性以及法律规定的模糊性等特点,使得秘密侦查权在我国侦查实践过程中非常容易被滥用,导致被侦查人的合法权益遭到侵害。因此,平衡秘密侦查与保障人权之间的关系,实现秘密侦查制度的法治化是必由之路。笔者立足于刑事侦查学基础理论,结合新《刑事诉讼法》中提到的技术侦查措施等有关规定,通过对域外有关秘密侦查的法律规范的比较分析,针对我国秘密侦查所面临的困境,论述中国秘密侦查法治化的路径。全文由五部分构成。第一部分：引言。主要介绍选题背景、研究的理论和现实意义、国内外的研究现状、研究方法及创新点。第二部分：秘密侦查制度概述。首先,在评析了当前国内几种代表性的对秘密侦查概念的界定后,试图对秘密侦查的概念进行重新界定,并且分析了秘密侦查所独具有的几个特征,最后对秘密侦查的几种基本类型进行了较为详细的介绍。第三部分：我国秘密侦查制度的现状及弊端。这部分阐述了当前我国秘密侦查制度的现状,包括立法现状和实务现状,并且从法律规制和司法实践两个层面分析了我国秘密侦查制度存在的弊端,包括秘密侦查制度缺少有效的法律指引、缺少程序的监督控制、司法救济制度不完善等。第四部分：国外秘密侦查之比较分析。这部分主要介绍了德国、美国、英国、日本几个国家的秘密侦查制度研究状况,并且通过和以上几个国家进行比较分析,发现我国秘密侦查存在的不足。第五部分：中国秘密侦查法治化的路径。论述了在我国实现秘密侦查制度法治化的必要性,然后提出若干切合我国国情的秘密侦查法治化建议,包括弥补当前立法不足、建立完善的监督和权利救济机制、严格秘密侦查的证据使用等。本文的创新点主要有：1、在客观评析了学界关于秘密侦查概念的几种代表性观点后,对秘密侦查的概念进行了重新界定,同时通过与其他相似概念的辨析,概括出了秘密侦查所独具有的几大特点；2、系统地分析了我国秘密侦查的现状,对我国秘密侦查制度在立法和实务中的混乱状况进行了梳理；3、创新性地提出了要对秘密侦查所获得的证据进行严格保管,适时销毁。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, the crime forms present the trend of intelligence, concealment, complication and so on. Some criminal cases with great social harmfulness, strong organization and high difficulty in solving have posed a new challenge to the open investigation.In the face of the current complicated social situation and new crimes, the investigative organs must change their investigative thinking in good time.As an effective measure of collecting evidence, secret investigation has been paid more and more attention by the investigation organs.At present, many countries in the world have used secret investigation to solve cases and crack down on criminals.However, the secret investigation behavior has the characteristics of concealment, secrecy and the vagueness of the law, which makes the secret investigation power very easy to be abused in the process of investigation practice in our country, resulting in the infringement of the legitimate rights and interests of the person being investigated.Therefore, it is the only way to balance the relationship between secret investigation and protect human rights and to realize the rule of law of secret investigation system.Based on the basic theory of criminal investigation, combined with the technical investigation measures mentioned in the new Criminal procedure Law, the author makes a comparative analysis of the legal norms concerning secret investigation outside the country.In view of the predicament of secret investigation in China, this paper discusses the path of the rule of law of secret investigation in China.The full text consists of five parts.The first part: introduction.This paper mainly introduces the background, the theoretical and practical significance of the research, the current situation of the research at home and abroad, the research methods and innovative points.The second part: the outline of secret investigation system.First of all, after analyzing several representative definitions of secret investigation in China, the author tries to redefine the concept of secret investigation, and analyzes the unique characteristics of secret investigation.At last, several basic types of secret investigation are introduced in detail.The third part: our country secret investigation system present situation and malpractice.This part expounds the current situation of the secret investigation system in our country, including the legislative status and the practical situation, and analyzes the drawbacks of the secret investigation system in our country from the two aspects of legal regulation and judicial practice.Including secret investigation system lack of effective legal guidance, lack of procedural supervision and control, judicial relief system is not perfect, and so on.The fourth part: the comparative analysis of foreign secret investigation.This part mainly introduces the research situation of secret investigation system in Germany, the United States, Britain and Japan, and through comparative analysis with the above several countries, we find the shortcomings of secret investigation in our country.The fifth part: the path of Chinese secret investigation by law.This paper discusses the necessity of realizing the rule of law of the secret investigation system in our country, and then puts forward some suggestions on the legalization of secret investigation in accordance with the national conditions of our country, including making up for the deficiency of the current legislation, establishing a perfect mechanism of supervision and right relief.Strict use of evidence in secret investigations, etc.The innovation of this paper is mainly composed of: 1. After objectively evaluating several representative viewpoints on the concept of secret investigation in academic circles, the author redefines the concept of secret investigation, and at the same time discriminates with other similar concepts.This paper generalizes several characteristics of secret investigation, and systematically analyzes the present situation of secret investigation in our country.This paper combs the confusion in the legislation and practice of the secret investigation system in China, and creatively puts forward that the evidence obtained by the secret investigation should be strictly kept and destroyed in good time.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.2

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