法院调解制度形态分析

发布时间：2018-04-12 19:21

本文选题：法院调解 + 制度形态　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文由四章组成，，第一章为法院调解制度及其表现形态主要对调解和法院调解的内涵进行界定，对调解的性质和结构要素进行了论述，进而阐述了法院调解的功能。文章通过理论的铺垫引出法院调解制度表现形态即是反映一个国家进行统治管理的时候在一定历史条件下形成的法令、礼俗等规范的表现形式。当前学界根据涉及领域不同划分为职权主义模式和当事人主义模式，笔者另辟蹊径，对法院调解制度形态基于主体的标准不同进行划分，为下文的法院调解制度形态的历史沿革、运行现状以及实践路径做理论铺垫。第二章对传统调解制度形态进行了划分。阐释了传统调解制度形态的特点并对它进行了评价和反思，随后论述了传统调解的蜕变，即对新民主主义革命时期调解制度形态的划分，同时阐述建国后及改革开放初期的法院调解形态和改革开放中后期至上世纪末的法院调解制度形态的历史进程，最后通过比较现行调解制度形态和传统调解制度形态的差异，得出现行调解制度形态是对先期形态的继承和超越。第三章对法院调解制度形态的划分，根据主体的标准不同，划分为：当事人导向性、法官导向型、政治导向型三种形态。当事人希望纠纷得以解决，调解可以实现法律规定之外的特殊权利同时有利于权利的实现。当事人对自由价值的追求，调解中体现为自愿原则。但是在现实运行中，会出现当事人实体权利和诉讼权利受到限制的问题。法官钟情调解是因为调解不仅可以带来高效率和实际的物质利益，而且可以降低通过裁判方式审理案件的风险。法官在追求效率价值的同时会出现调解任务重、法官素质的局限性以及影响法官“心证”的问题。政治导向型是法院受司法政策的影响以及和谐社会的需要，对秩序价值的追求，但是实际运行中会出现法院对司法政策的“过度反应”和司法政策实施中出现的薄弱环节问题。第四章是法院调解的实践路径。该章通过两个部分的阐释。一是法院调解的平衡基础，法院调解制度是介于公力救济和私力救济之间，它不仅吸取民间救济的部分方式和理念，同时又置身于司法体系之中，因此法院调解是由法律和伦理的理论汇集而成的。法院调解的价值平衡基础是指三种导向型对正义价值的追求，在趋同化的基础上，当事人导向型注重对自由价值的追求，法官导向型注重对效率价值的追求、政治导向型注重对秩序价值的追求，当不同价值之间发生冲突时，应将自由价值放在首位，法官执行政策的基础上追求效率价值，同时重视秩序价值的实现，致力于寻求不同价值之间的平衡状态。二是不同调解制度形态的实践路径，克服现实运行中出现的种种问题，对不同导向型出现的问题提出规制建议。
[Abstract]:This paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter mainly defines the connotation of mediation and court mediation, discusses the nature and structural elements of mediation, and then expounds the function of court mediation.The paper leads to the expression form of the court mediation system through the theoretical foundation, which is the expression form of the law, custom and other norms formed under certain historical conditions when a country carries on the rule and management.At present, according to the different fields involved, the academic circles are divided into the mode of authority doctrine and the mode of litigant doctrine. The author takes a new approach and divides the form of the court mediation system based on the standards of the subject.It lays a theoretical foundation for the history, operation and practice path of the court mediation system.The second chapter classifies the traditional mediation system.This paper expounds the characteristics of the traditional mediation system, evaluates it and rethinks it, and then discusses the transformation of the traditional mediation, that is, the division of the mediation system form in the period of the new democratic revolution.At the same time, it expounds the historical process of the court mediation form after the founding of the people's Republic of China and the beginning of reform and opening up, and the court mediation system form of the middle and late period of reform and opening up to the end of the century.It is concluded that the present mediation system is the inheritance and transcendence of the advance form.The third chapter divides the court mediation system form, according to the main body different standard, divides into: the litigant guidance, the judge-oriented, the political-oriented three kinds of forms.The parties hope that the dispute can be resolved, and mediation can realize the special rights outside the law and be beneficial to the realization of the rights.The parties' pursuit of the value of freedom is embodied in the voluntary principle in mediation.However, in practice, the parties' substantive rights and litigation rights will be restricted.Judges love mediation because mediation can not only bring high efficiency and practical material benefits, but also reduce the risk of adjudication.While pursuing the efficiency value, the judge will have the task of mediation, the limitation of the judge's quality and the problem of influencing the judge's "heart proof".Political orientation is the court's pursuit of order value under the influence of judicial policy and the need of harmonious society. However, in practice, there will be "excessive reaction" of court to judicial policy and weak link in the implementation of judicial policy.The fourth chapter is the practice path of court mediation.The chapter is explained in two parts.The first is the balanced foundation of court mediation. The court mediation system is between public relief and private relief. It not only absorbs part of the folk remedies and ideas, but also places itself in the judicial system.Therefore, court mediation is a collection of legal and ethical theories.The value balance foundation of court mediation refers to the pursuit of justice value by three kinds of orientations. On the basis of assimilation, the parties oriented to the pursuit of the value of freedom, the judge oriented to the pursuit of the value of efficiency.Political orientation pays attention to the pursuit of order value. When there is a conflict between different values, the value of freedom should be put in the first place, the judge should pursue the efficiency value on the basis of carrying out the policy, and attach importance to the realization of order value at the same time.Strive to find a balance between different values.Second, the practice path of different mediation system forms, overcome the various problems that appear in the actual operation, and put forward the regulation suggestions to the problems of different orientation.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D926.2

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