论我国刑事诉讼中不起诉制约机制的构建与完善

发布时间：2018-04-16 00:25

本文选题：不起诉制约机制 + 权力制衡　；参考：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国现行的司法制度中，不起诉制度是一个重要的制度，它的设立体现了我国社会主义法制建设过程中，对行使国家权力的审慎态度，也说明国家权力的行使，需要从人民群众的根本利益出发，维护人民群众的合法权益，防止和杜绝权力滥用、权力腐败的现象出现。由于不起诉制度的行使是由自由裁量权的大小决定的，因此在实践中，制约和限制自由裁量权，将其控制在合理的范围内行使就显得尤为重要。在我国，一方面要保证法官在审判的过程中，能够根据案情的区别和社会危害程度享有一定的自由裁量权，另一方面要控制和限制自由裁量权的大小，防止权力被滥用。与世界在刑事诉讼活动的发展和研究一样，我国在刑事审判过程中，对原有的起诉法定主义进行了修正，新增的起诉便宜主义，强调司法活动中，效率与社会公众合法权益的双赢。但是仍需要对不起诉制度进行规范和制约。本文从我国不起诉制约机制的含义和意义入手，研究我国不起诉制约机制的必要性，，对权力制衡与权利保障理论对不起诉制约机制的影响和意义进行了探究，通过国外不起诉制约机制的考察与评析，指出我国不起诉制约机制的现状及存在的问题，即公诉转自诉机制难以实现、对被不起诉人权利限制太多、对于事前的制约机制的设置重视不够和检察机关内部制约易流于形式。在此基础上，提出我国刑事诉讼活动中不起诉制度完善和发展的建议与对策：建立不起诉的听证制度、完善被害人对不起诉的制约、加强被不起诉人的权利保障和完善公安机关对不起诉的制约。
[Abstract]:In the current judicial system of our country, the system of non-prosecution is an important system. Its establishment reflects the prudent attitude towards the exercise of state power in the process of building the socialist legal system in our country, and it also shows the exercise of state power.It is necessary to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the masses, prevent and eliminate the abuse of power and the phenomenon of power corruption from the fundamental interests of the people.Since the exercise of non-prosecution system is determined by the size of discretion, it is particularly important to restrict and restrict the exercise of discretion within a reasonable range in practice.In our country, on the one hand, we should ensure that the judge can enjoy certain discretion according to the difference of the case and the degree of social harm, on the other hand, we should control and limit the size of the discretion to prevent the abuse of the power.Like the development and research of criminal proceedings in the world, in the course of criminal trial, our country has revised the original prosecutorial legalism, added the prosecution cheap doctrine, and emphasized the judicial activities.The double-win between efficiency and the legitimate rights and interests of the public.However, we still need to regulate and restrict the non-prosecution system.This paper starts with the meaning and significance of non-prosecution restriction mechanism in our country, studies the necessity of non-prosecution restriction mechanism in our country, and probes into the influence and significance of the theory of power balance and right guarantee on non-prosecution restriction mechanism.Through the investigation and evaluation of the non-prosecution restriction mechanism in foreign countries, the paper points out the current situation and existing problems of the non-prosecution restriction mechanism in our country, that is, the mechanism of public prosecution to private prosecution is difficult to realize, and the rights of the person who is not prosecuted are restricted too much.Not enough attention has been paid to the establishment of prior restraint mechanism and the internal restriction of procuratorial organ is easy to be formalized.On this basis, the author puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures for the improvement and development of the non-prosecution system in criminal proceedings in our country: establishing the hearing system of non-prosecution, perfecting the restriction of the victim to the non-prosecution,To strengthen the protection of the rights of non-indictees and improve the restriction of non-prosecution by public security organs.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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