论香港仲裁机构在内地仲裁的法律障碍和解决方案

发布时间：2018-04-26 08:48

本文选题：香港仲裁机构 + 临时仲裁　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着前海深港现代服务业合作区的建立以及香港国际仲裁中心上海办事处的揭牌,对于香港仲裁机构在内地提供仲裁服务的市场预期日益增多,但对于香港仲裁机构在内地进行仲裁,有许多法律障碍仍待解决。对于香港仲裁机构在内地的仲裁裁决,由于对裁决性质认定标准的不同,香港法院依据“裁决作出地”标准认为不是香港裁决,同时依据香港《仲裁条例》的规定也不是内地裁决。内地法院依据“仲裁机构”标准,认为该类裁决是香港裁决。依据内地和香港的现行法律,对于香港仲裁机构在内地仲裁将会遇到许多法律障碍:第一,需要认定当事人约定的仲裁协议是否有效。对于仲裁协议是否有效需要先找到仲裁协议适用的法律来确定准据法。对于仲裁协议的法律适用,内地《涉外民事关系法律适用法》的规定对于仲裁协议的法律适用并不明确,对于仲裁协议有效性的认定可能将出现互为矛盾的结果。第二,依据两地现有法律,对于香港仲裁机构在内地作出的仲裁裁决在内地和香港都不能得到法院的执行,在这种情况下,仲裁作为解决民商事纠纷的重要法律措施之一将失去用武之地。第三,内地法院和香港法院对于香港仲裁机构在内地的仲裁裁决不能撤销,无法进行有效的司法监督。2016年,最高人民法院发布《最高人民法院关于为自由贸易试验区建设提供司法保障的意见》,是对内地开展临时仲裁和包括香港仲裁机构在内的境外仲裁机构在内地开展仲裁活动的突破性一步。借鉴该《意见》的思路,第一,建议内地仲裁法对于仲裁协议有效性的认定删除“选定的仲裁委员会”的条件,使得选定香港仲裁机构在内地仲裁的仲裁协议有效。第二,建议内地法律明确仲裁协议的法律适用。第三,建议内地将裁决性质由“仲裁机构”标准改为“裁决作出地”标准,解决香港仲裁机构在内地仲裁裁决不能执行的障碍。最后,建议完善内地法院对该类裁决的司法监督,保障当事人司法救济的权利。
[Abstract]:With the establishment of the Qianhai Shenzhen-Hong Kong Modern Service Cooperation Zone and the opening of the Shanghai Office of the Hong Kong International Arbitration Center, the market for Hong Kong arbitration institutions to provide arbitration services in the mainland is expected to increase day by day. However, for Hong Kong arbitration institutions in the mainland, there are many legal obstacles to be resolved. With regard to the arbitral award of a Hong Kong arbitration institution in the mainland, due to the difference in the criteria for determining the nature of the award, the Hong Kong court, based on the "place of award" criterion, considered it not a Hong Kong award. At the same time, the provisions of the Hong Kong Arbitration Ordinance are not mainland awards. The mainland court considered the award to be a Hong Kong award on the basis of the "arbitral institution" standard. According to the existing laws of the mainland and Hong Kong, there will be many legal obstacles for Hong Kong arbitration institutions to arbitrate in the mainland: first, it is necessary to determine whether the arbitration agreement agreed by the parties is valid or not. The law applicable to the arbitration agreement must be found to determine the applicable law for the validity of the arbitration agreement. For the legal application of arbitration agreement, the provisions of the law applicable to civil relations concerning foreign affairs in the mainland are not clear to the legal application of arbitration agreement, and the determination of the validity of arbitration agreement may result in contradictory results. Second, under the existing laws of the two places, neither the mainland nor Hong Kong can enforce arbitral awards made by Hong Kong arbitration institutions in the mainland. In such cases, Arbitration, as one of the important legal measures to settle civil and commercial disputes, will lose the opportunity of exerting its ability. Third, the courts of the mainland and the courts of Hong Kong cannot rescind the arbitral awards of Hong Kong arbitration institutions in the mainland, nor can they exercise effective judicial supervision. In 2016, The Supreme people's Court has issued the opinions of the Supreme people's Court on providing judicial protection for the construction of a free trade experimental area, which is to conduct temporary arbitration on the mainland and overseas arbitration institutions, including Hong Kong arbitration institutions, in the mainland. A breakthrough in arbitration. First, it is suggested that the mainland arbitration law should delete the condition of "selected arbitration committee" for the validity of arbitration agreement, so that the arbitration agreement selected for Hong Kong arbitration institution in the mainland should be valid. Secondly, it is suggested that mainland law should clarify the legal application of arbitration agreement. Thirdly, it is suggested that the mainland should change the nature of the award from the "arbitral institution" standard to the "place of award" standard, so as to resolve the obstacles that Hong Kong arbitration institutions cannot enforce an arbitral award in the mainland. Finally, it is suggested to improve the judicial supervision of this kind of ruling by the mainland courts and to protect the parties' right of judicial remedy.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.7

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