论民事诉讼当事人失权制度

发布时间：2018-05-08 20:29

本文选题：民事诉讼 + 当事人　；参考：《南昌大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文所研究的内容为民事诉讼当事人失权制度。民事诉讼当事人失权制度在民事诉讼中发挥着重要作用。尽管我国立法上对当事人失权制度有所规定,但只是分散在《民事诉讼法》以及相关司法解释之中,并且只规定了部分具体的失权制度,而并未真正确立该项制度。我国目前对民事诉讼当事人失权制度的理论研究日臻丰富,但是对部分问题并未涉及。在司法实践中,由于缺乏相关理论指导和法律依据,当事人失权制度的适用并不规范。该文对民事诉讼当事人失权制度进行了阐述并简要分析了存在的相关问题,最后针对存在的不足提出了意见。本文共分为前言、正文和结语三部分,正文内容主要包括:第一章主要对民事诉讼当事人失权制度的相关问题进行了阐述,包括民事诉讼当事人失权制度的概念、构成要件、种类以及研究该制度的主要意义。该章节先通过法律权利以及诉讼权利的概念对民事诉讼当事人失权制度的概念进行了阐述,进而分析了该制度的构成要件,主要有失权主体、失权对象、主观意志、主体行为和行为后果。民事诉讼当事人失权制度可以从理论上进行分类,从法律规则上由多个具体的失权制度构成,如证据失权、上诉失权等。最后对研究民事诉讼当事人失权制度的意义进行了阐述。第二章介绍了构建民事诉讼当事人失权制度的法理基础,包括诚实信用原则、诉讼促进义务以及对公平正义的追求。构建民事诉讼当事人失权制度的目的是为了促使当事人诚实地正当地行使诉讼权利从而避免造成诉讼拖延,因此体现了诚实信用原则的宗旨。在诉讼资料适时提出主义的模式下,当事人失权制度能够使当事人更好地履行促进义务,最终提高诉讼效率、在实体和程序上保障当事人的利益。第三章是对民事诉讼当事人失权制度的理论、立法以及司法实践现状进行介绍和分析,对现有的理论研究、立法法规定以及该制度在诉讼活动中的适用情况进行分析并提出存在的问题和不足之处。笔者认为现有的理论并未明确民事诉讼当事人失权制度的概念,立法上虽然对部分失权度进行了规定但是一些具体的失权制度仍然是空白,并且已经规定的失权制度还存在一些不足需要进一步完善。民事诉讼当事人失权制度的效果对当事人来说是十分严厉的,因此需要采取相应的救济措施使当事人的实体利益得到维护。第四章中针对民事诉讼当事人失权制度在理论研究、立法以及司法实践中存在的问题突出相应的完善意见。笔者认为首先应当从理论上对民事诉讼当事人失权制度的概念予以明确,其次在理论的指导下在立法上对民事诉讼当事人失权制度进行完善,最后要规范民事诉讼诉讼在私法实践中的适用并采取相应的救济措施保障当事人的实体权利
[Abstract]:The content of this paper is the system of losing the right of the litigant in civil litigation. The system of losing the right of the litigant in civil action plays an important role in the civil action. Although there are some provisions on the system of the loss of the right of the party in our country's legislation, it is only scattered in the Civil procedure Law and related judicial interpretations, and only some specific systems of loss of power are stipulated, but the system has not really been established. At present, the theoretical research on the system of loss of rights of civil litigants in our country has become more and more abundant, but some problems have not been involved. In judicial practice, due to the lack of relevant theoretical guidance and legal basis, the application of the system of loss of rights of the parties is not standardized. This paper expounds the system of losing the right of the litigants in civil litigation, and briefly analyzes the existing problems, and finally puts forward some suggestions on the shortcomings of the system. This article is divided into the preface, the body and the conclusion three parts, the main body content mainly includes: the first chapter mainly has carried on the elaboration to the civil lawsuit litigant to lose the right system the related question, including the civil lawsuit litigant loses the right system the concept, the constituent elements, Category and the main significance of studying the system. This chapter firstly expounds the concept of the system of losing the right of the civil litigant through the concepts of the legal right and the right of action, and then analyzes the constituent elements of the system, including the main body of losing the right, the object of the loss of the right, and the subjective will. Subject behavior and its consequences. The system of loss of rights of the parties in civil proceedings can be classified theoretically, and the legal rules are composed of a number of specific systems of loss of rights, such as loss of power by evidence, loss of right of appeal, and so on. Finally, the significance of studying the system of losing rights of the parties in civil litigation is expounded. The second chapter introduces the legal basis of constructing the system of losing the right of the parties in civil litigation, including the principle of good faith, the obligation to promote litigation and the pursuit of fairness and justice. The purpose of constructing the system of losing the right of the litigants in civil litigation is to urge the parties to exercise their litigation rights honestly and properly so as to avoid the delay of litigation, thus embodying the tenet of the principle of good faith. Under the mode of timely presentation of litigation materials, the system of losing rights of the parties can make the parties better fulfill the obligation to promote, improve the efficiency of litigation, and protect the interests of the parties in the entity and procedure. The third chapter is to introduce and analyze the theory, legislation and judicial practice of the system of losing the right of the civil litigant. The provisions of legislative law and the application of this system in litigation are analyzed and the problems and deficiencies are put forward. The author believes that the existing theory does not clearly define the concept of the system of loss of rights of the parties in civil litigation. Although the legislation provides for the degree of partial loss of power, some specific systems of loss of power are still blank. Moreover, there are still some deficiencies in the system of loss of power that has been stipulated, which need to be further improved. The effect of the system of losing the right of the litigants in civil proceedings is very strict to the parties, so it is necessary to take corresponding relief measures to safeguard the substantive interests of the parties. The fourth chapter focuses on the problems existing in the theoretical research, legislation and judicial practice. The author thinks that the concept of the system of losing the right of the civil litigant should be made clear in theory, and the system of losing the right of the party in the civil lawsuit should be perfected under the guidance of the theory. Finally, we should standardize the application of civil action in the practice of private law and take corresponding relief measures to protect the substantive rights of the parties.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D925.1

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