我国刑事和解司法适用问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 16:31

本文选题：刑事和解制度 + 被害人　；参考：《安徽财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：21世纪初,我国部分司法机关开始在实践中探索刑事和解,其带来的良好社会效果和所体现的司法理念受到法学理论界推崇,掀起了探析刑事和解的热潮。随着刑事和解的优势日渐突出和建立和解制度呼声的高涨,我国于2012年开始实施刑事和解制度,刑事和解在构建和谐社会和平安建设的社会环境下,它以维护被害人权益为本位,为主观恶性不大的犯罪提供了改过自新的机会,维护社会稳定,实现了尊重和保障私权的目的,体现了宽严相济的刑事政策。未经法院判决不得定罪,为了保证刑事诉讼程序的顺利进行和消除一些罪犯的人身社会危险性,刑事强制措施是保障社会稳定安全的必要手段.但我国司法实践中,过度羁押是一个现实性的问题,以刑事强制措施替代刑事处罚违背了立法本意,对轻微刑事犯罪来说也是不公平的,刑事和解制度可以在保障刑事诉讼顺利进行的提下,减少不必要羁押,降低判决前羁押率,也一定程度避免犯罪之间交叉传染等负面影响。目前,刑事和解率迟迟得不到提高,反而呈严重下滑趋势,并未实现立法预期效果,究其原因有多种:权力配置不合理、配套机制不健全,导致司法机关出现和解执行不到位和缺乏有效监督的情况;法律规定不完善和法律解释空缺,导致司法实践中的实际状况和出现的新情况得不到解决;司法机关办案人员刑事和解能力欠缺和法律素养不高,导致刑事和解不能得到灵活开展和刑事案件流失。因此,刑事和解制度的完善,配套机制应及时跟进健全,法律规范和司法解释要不断调整新问题,司法人员也应不断加强法律知识学习,提高法律素养。刑事和解制度在我国处于初始发展阶段,新生事物必然要经历一个由不成熟逐渐成熟的过程。本文针对刑事和解制度在司法实践中体现出的理论层面和司法层面的问题进行分析、梳理,进而对和解范围、方式等提出自己的观点和建议,为刑事和解制度的完善和司法实践中问题的应对提出建议。
[Abstract]:In the early twenty-first Century, some of our judicial organs began to explore the criminal reconciliation in practice. The good social effects and the judicial ideas reflected by the judicial organs were praised by the legal theory circle and raised the upsurge of criminal reconciliation. With the increasing protruding of the advantages of the criminal reconciliation and the rise of the voice of the reconciliation system, China began to implement in 2012. The criminal reconciliation system, in the social environment of building a harmonious society and safe construction, the criminal reconciliation is based on the protection of the rights and interests of the victims. It provides a new opportunity for the crime of subjective malignancy, maintains social stability, realizes the purpose of respecting and guaranteeing the private rights, and embodies the criminal policy of temper justice with mercy. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the criminal procedure and eliminate the personal social danger of some criminals, the criminal compulsory measures are the necessary means to ensure social stability and security. However, in our judicial practice, excessive detention is a practical problem, and the substitution of criminal coercive measures against criminal punishment is a violation of the original meaning of the legislation. Micro criminal offense is also unfair. The criminal reconciliation system can reduce the unnecessary detention, reduce the pretrial detention rate, and avoid the cross infection between crimes to a certain extent. At present, the rate of criminal reconciliation is not improved, but it has a serious decline, and it has not been realized. There are many reasons for the expected effect of legislation: unreasonable allocation of power and imperfect supporting mechanism, which leads to the absence of reconciliation and lack of effective supervision in the judicial organs; the legal provisions are not perfect and the legal interpretation is vacant, which leads to the fact that the actual situation and the new situation in the judicial practice are not solved; the judicial organs handle the cases. The lack of criminal reconciliation ability and low legal literacy lead to the criminal reconciliation can not be carried out flexibly and the loss of criminal cases. Therefore, the perfection of the criminal reconciliation system, the supporting mechanism should be timely followed up and perfect, the legal norms and judicial interpretations should be constantly adjusted to the new problems, and the judicial personnel should also continuously strengthen the legal knowledge learning and improve the legal elements. The criminal reconciliation system is in the initial stage of development in our country. The new things must undergo a process of maturity and maturity. This paper analyzes the theoretical and judicial aspects of the criminal reconciliation system in the judicial practice, and then puts forward his own views and construction of the scope and way of reconciliation. Suggestions for improving the system of criminal reconciliation and dealing with problems in judicial practice are put forward.

【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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