庭前证言笔录的使用及其限制

发布时间：2018-05-11 18:24

本文选题：庭前证言笔录 + 使用　；参考：《中国政法大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国司法实践中,证人不出庭现象十分普遍,要求每个案件中的每个证人都通过出庭作证的方式来提供证人证言不够现实。庭前证言笔录作为证人证言的一种重要表现方式,在证人不出庭作证的情形下,是对证人不出庭作证的一种有效弥补,在证人出庭作证的情形下也可以与当庭陈述很好的结合使用。文章从证人证言与庭前证言笔录的概念辨析入手,探求两者之间的关系,通过分析庭前证言笔录的具体使用现状,以及使用庭前证言笔录的原因来首先肯定其存在的价值。通过分析实践中使用庭前证言笔录所存在的现实问题,从而提出规范庭前证言笔录并对其进行限制使用的具体措施。第一章主要介绍了证人证言与庭前证言笔录,并对庭前证言笔录的使用现状作了分析。具体分情况探讨了证人不出庭情况下庭前证言笔录的使用和证人出庭情况下庭前证言笔录的使用。在证人出庭的前提下又具体分析了证人庭前证言与当庭陈述一致情形下庭前证言笔录的使用和证人庭前证言与当庭陈述不一致情形下庭前证言笔录的使用问题。第二章分析了庭前证言笔录使用的原因。首先分析了证言笔录的证据能力问题并对其证据价值进行了肯定,分析了我国刑事诉讼立法中关于证言笔录证据能力的有关规定。着重从几个方面分析了使用庭前证言笔录的现实意义。庭前证言笔录具有很强的可用性;庭前证言笔录更易还原证人的记忆内容;庭前证言笔录受案外干扰因素较小;庭前证言笔录提供的环境有利于证人作证;庭前证言笔录具有诉讼经济价值。此外,本章还对国外关于证言笔录的使用问题作了简单介绍,重点介绍了传闻证据规则的例外及设置该例外的理由。第三章介绍了庭前证言笔录使用的实践问题。具体包括庭前证言笔录的真实性难检验;庭前证言笔录存在错误信息的危险;使用庭前证言笔录侵犯被告人的对质权和影响法官辨识证人真意及其证言的可靠性等几点现实问题。第四章是本文最为核心的部分即重点介绍了对证言笔录的限制使用问题和如何更好的规范庭前证言笔录的使用。首先应当从观念上进行转变,要理性看待庭前证言笔录。具体要转变的观念包括要正确理解现有的案卷移送制度;要设置符合我国实际的直接言词原则;要科学认识证言笔录的证据能力。其次,在实践中可以适当借鉴吸收传闻证据规则。紧接着,介绍了规范庭前证言笔录使用的一些具体要求。包括规范证言笔录的制作主体;规范证言笔录形成的地点及方式;规范询问证人的程序;规范证言笔录的制作过程。最后分情况探讨了如何对实践中庭前证言笔录的使用进行规范和限制,简要分析了使用的规则和原则以及限制的标准。
[Abstract]:In the judicial practice of our country, the phenomenon that witnesses do not appear in court is very common, and it is not realistic to require each witness in every case to provide witness testimony through the way of testifying in court. As an important manifestation of witnesses' testimony, the record of pre-court testimony is an effective remedy for the failure of witnesses to testify in court. It can also be used in conjunction with a statement in court when a witness testifies in court. This article starts with the analysis of the concept of witness testimony and pre-court testimony record, probes into the relationship between them, and confirms its existence value by analyzing the current situation of the use of the pre-court testimony record and the reasons for the use of the pre-court testimony record. By analyzing the practical problems existing in the use of pretrial testimony in practice, this paper puts forward some concrete measures to regulate and restrict the use of pretrial testimony. The first chapter mainly introduces the witness testimony and pre-court testimony notes, and analyzes the current situation of the use of pre-court testimony notes. The paper discusses the use of the witness's pre-court testimony record and the witness's pre-court testimony record under the condition of the witness's failure to appear in court. On the premise of the witness appearing in court, the paper analyzes the use of the witness's pre-court testimony record and the use of the witness's pre-court testimony record under the condition that the witness's pre-court testimony is consistent with the in-court statement and the witness's pre-court testimony is inconsistent with the in-court statement. The second chapter analyzes the reasons for the use of pretrial testimony. At first, the paper analyzes the evidence ability of testimony record and affirms its value, and analyzes the relevant provisions about the evidence ability of testimony record in the criminal procedure legislation of our country. This paper analyzes the practical significance of the use of pretrial testimony from several aspects. The pre-court testimony record has strong usability, the pre-court testimony record is easier to restore the witness's memory content, the pre-court testimony record is less interfered by the factor outside the case, the environment provided by the pre-court testimony record is favorable for the witness to testify. The record of pre-trial testimony has the economic value of litigation. In addition, this chapter gives a brief introduction to the use of testimony records in foreign countries, focusing on the exception of hearsay evidence rule and the reasons for setting the exception. The third chapter introduces the practice of the use of pretrial testimony. In particular, it is difficult to test the authenticity of the pre-court testimony record, and the danger of false information exists in the pre-court testimony record. The use of pre-court testimony infringes upon the defendant's right to pledge and affects the judge's identification of the true meaning of the witness and the reliability of his testimony. The fourth chapter is the core part of this paper, which focuses on the restriction of the use of testimony records and how to better regulate the use of pre-court testimony records. First of all, we should change the concept and treat the record of pre-trial testimony rationally. The specific concepts to be changed include the correct understanding of the existing file transfer system, the establishment of the principle of direct words in line with the actual situation in our country, and the scientific understanding of the evidentiary capacity of the testimony record. Secondly, we can draw lessons from the rules of hearsay evidence in practice. Then, it introduces some specific requirements of regulating the use of pretrial testimony. It includes the main body of the standardized testimony record, the place and the way of the formation of the testimony record, the procedure of questioning the witness and the making process of the testimony record. Finally, it discusses how to regulate and restrict the use of pre-court testimony in practice, and briefly analyzes the rules and principles of use as well as the standards of limitation.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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