滥用民事诉权的侵权责任研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 10:03

本文选题：民事诉权 + 滥用　；参考：《上海社会科学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前社会是法治社会,诉讼权利的行使是公民维护自身合法权益的有效手段,这也是现代文明发展的标志之一。但随着经济的发展、民事纠纷的增多,滥用民事诉权的行为也相应呈现增长态势。这个问题引起了法学理论界和实务界的共同关注和重视。我国已从程序法的角度对部分滥用民事诉权行为进行了规制,但实体法层面如侵权责任法中却并无对该行为所作的相关法律规定,没有实体责任的支撑,使得程序法的适用也变得困难重重,对滥用民事诉权行为的规制也难以取得较好成效。因此,我国亟待建立起滥用民事诉权的侵权责任制度。本文在借鉴大陆法系和英美法系立法的基础之上,主要考察了域外立法中滥用民事诉权行为的内涵界定和侵权责任的相关规定,同时结合我国实际,对滥用民事诉权行为进行了概念分析和类型划分,并分析了该行为目前的社会危害及司法现状,论证了对滥用民事诉权行为进行侵权实体法上规制的必要性和迫切性。然后,本文将主要研究对象锁定在滥用民事诉权的侵权责任方面,首先明确了该行为具有民事侵权的性质,其属于一般民事侵权行为而非属于特殊侵权行为。接着,以侵权责任构成的“四要件”说为基础,分析了滥用民事诉权侵权责任的四大构成要件,一是行为人实施了滥用民事诉权行为；二是滥用民事诉权行为产生了具体损害事实；三是滥用民事诉权行为与损害结果之间存在法律上的因果关系；四是滥用民事诉权行为人存在过错。最后,本文明确了滥用民事诉权侵权行为的责任形式和具体承担范围,主要分为财产损害赔偿责任和精神损害赔偿责任,以此确立了滥用民事诉权侵权在实体法上的救济途径。
[Abstract]:The current society is a society ruled by law, and the exercise of litigation rights is an effective means for citizens to safeguard their own legitimate rights and interests, which is also one of the symbols of the development of modern civilization. However, with the development of economy and the increase of civil disputes, the behavior of abusing the civil right of action also presents an increasing trend. This problem has aroused the common concern and attention of the legal theorists and practitioners. China has regulated some acts of abuse of civil right of action from the point of view of procedural law, but the substantive law, such as the tort liability law, does not have the relevant legal provisions for the act, and there is no support of substantive liability. The application of procedural law has become difficult, and the regulation of abuse of civil litigation rights is difficult to achieve better results. Therefore, it is urgent for our country to establish the tort liability system of abuse of civil right of action. On the basis of drawing lessons from the legislation of civil law system and common law system, this paper mainly studies the definition of the connotation of abuse of civil right of action and the relevant provisions of tort liability in the extraterritorial legislation, at the same time combining with the reality of our country. This paper analyzes the concept and classification of the abuse of civil right of action, analyzes the current social harm and judicial status of the act, and demonstrates the necessity and urgency of regulating the abuse of civil right of action in the tort substantive law. Then, this paper focuses on the tort liability of the abuse of civil right of action. Firstly, it is clear that the act has the nature of civil tort, which belongs to the general civil tort rather than the special tort. Then, based on the "four elements" theory of tort liability, this paper analyzes the four elements of tort liability for abuse of civil right of action, one is that the actor has carried out the act of abusing civil right of action; Second, the abuse of civil right of action has produced specific damage facts; third, there is a legal causal relationship between the abuse of civil right of action and the result of damage; fourth, the perpetrator of abuse of civil right of action has fault. Finally, this paper clarifies the form of liability and the specific scope of the tort of abuse of civil right of action, mainly divided into the liability of compensation for property damage and the liability for compensation for spiritual damage, and thus establishes the remedy of abuse of tort of civil right of action in substantive law.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.1

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