论诉讼标的的机能

发布时间：2018-05-16 16:29

本文选题：诉讼标的 + 诉的合并　；参考：《山西大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：诉讼标的理论是民事诉讼法学的基本理论之一,关于诉讼标的理论的大多数研究长期以来主要集中在诉讼标的识别标准理论探讨上。目前,民事诉讼法学界还没有对诉讼标的理论对其他民事诉讼理论的影响进行深层次的研究,而诉讼标的理论之所以在民事诉讼法学中有着重要的理论地位,恰恰与诉讼标的理论对民事诉讼其他理论的重要的作用和影响密不可分,可以称之为是民事诉讼法学的“脊梁”笔者以民事诉讼标的的机能这一全新的理论视角作为论题,采用系统分析和实证分析的研究方法深入剖析了各种不同的诉讼标的理论对诉的变更、诉的合并、既判力的客观范围以及重复诉讼认定的作用和影响。并进一步研究了诉讼标的机能在我国民事诉讼中的具体体现,进而指出我国民事诉讼立法和司法中对于诉讼标的的相关问题在具体运作方面存在的不足。在此基础上,笔者对诉讼标的的含义及其识别标准理论进行了再构造,提出了在诉讼标的概念统一论和诉讼标的统一识别标准否定论的前提下重新构建诉讼标的理论的观点。对于诉讼标的的含义笔者采“一分肢说,,观点,即诉讼标的就是原告的诉之声明中主张的抽象的法律效果。因此,诉讼标的的内容应依原告诉的声明来确定, “事实”不应当是诉讼标的的构成要素。诉讼标的识别标准的构成要素不必然是诉讼标的的构成要素,这两者是可以分离开来的。在以上深入分析和论证的基础上,笔者指出在诉讼标的为原告的诉的声明的前提下,诉讼标的的识别标准有两个构成要素,即诉的声明和事实。如果仅仅依照诉的声明这一项要素就可以达到识别诉讼标的的效果,那么就没有必要引入事实要素。而如果在单纯依靠诉的声明这一项要素难以识别诉讼标的时,我们就可以将“事实”这一要素引入,通过事实和诉的声明两项要素一起对诉讼标的进行识别。在文章的最后,在重构的诉讼标的及其识别标准理论之下笔者重新对诉讼标的的机能进行了完善。具体来说,本文主要由四部分组成。第一部分,鉴于目前学界对诉讼标的机能的研究甚少,所以笔者在此部分通过理论和实践两个层面分析了研究诉讼标的机能的意义。第二部分是对诉讼标的机能的具体展开,主要从诉的变更、诉的合并、既判力的客观范围和重复诉讼的认定四个方面深入、系统地分析了诉讼标的的机能。文章的第三部分主要对诉讼标的机能在我国民事诉讼中的具体体现进行了概括和分析,从而指出问题之所在。第四部分为本文的结论部分,在前三部分的基础上提出了笔者对诉讼标的及其识别标准理论的重构设想。
[Abstract]:The theory of object of action is one of the basic theories of civil procedural law. Most researches on the theory of object of action have been mainly focused on the theory of identifying standard of object of action for a long time. At present, there is no deep research on the influence of the subject of litigation theory on other civil litigation theories in the field of civil procedural law, and the theory of the object of action has an important theoretical status in the field of civil procedural law. It is inextricably related to the important role and influence of the subject matter theory on other theories of civil action. It can be said that it is the backbone of civil procedural law. The author regards the function of the subject matter of civil action as a new theoretical point of view. In this paper, the systematic analysis and empirical analysis are used to deeply analyze the changes of litigation, the merger of litigation, the objective scope of res judicata and the role and influence of repeated litigation in various theories of subject matter of litigation. It further studies the function of the object of action in our country's civil litigation, and then points out the shortcomings of the related problems in the legislation and judicature of our country's civil litigation in the specific operation. On this basis, the author reconstructs the definition of litigation object and the theory of identification standard, and puts forward the viewpoint of reconstructing the theory of object of action under the premise of unified theory of concept of object of action and negation of standard of unified identification of object of action. As to the meaning of the object of action, the author adopts the point of view that the subject matter of the lawsuit is the abstract legal effect advocated in the statement of the plaintiff's action. Therefore, the content of the subject matter of the action should be determined by the statement of the plaintiff's action, and "fact" should not be the constituent element of the subject matter of the lawsuit. The constituent elements of the standard of identifying the object of litigation are not necessarily the constituent elements of the object of action, which can be separated. On the basis of the above deep analysis and argumentation, the author points out that under the premise that the subject matter of the lawsuit is the plaintiff's claim, there are two constituent elements in the identification standard of the litigation object, that is, the statement of action and the fact. If only according to the statement of action this element can achieve the effect of identifying the object of the action, then there is no need to introduce the element of fact. If it is difficult to identify the object of the lawsuit by relying solely on the declaration of action, we can introduce the element of "fact" and identify the object of the lawsuit through the two elements of the statement of fact and action. At the end of the article, the author reperfects the function of litigation object under the reconstructed litigation object and its identification standard theory. Specifically, this paper consists of four parts. In the first part, in view of the lack of academic research on the function of the object of litigation, the author analyzes the significance of the study of the function of the object of litigation through the theoretical and practical aspects. The second part is the specific development of the function of the object of litigation, mainly from the changes of litigation, the merger of litigation, the objective scope of res judicata and the identification of repeated litigation, systematically analyzes the function of the object of litigation. The third part summarizes and analyzes the function of the object of action in civil litigation in China, and points out the problem. The fourth part is the conclusion of this paper. On the basis of the first three parts, the author proposes the reconstruction of the litigation object and its identification standard theory.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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