我国第三人撤销之诉及完善研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 03:39

本文选题：第三人 + 撤销之诉　；参考：《南京财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：公平正义是法律的价值体现,目前社会司法资源非常紧缺,这要求争议纠纷能够快速高效的被化解,从而使案件尽可能一次性解决。但在司法实践中,经常会出现判决既判力扩张的情形,导致未参加诉讼的第三人受到生效判决的不利影响,这与公平正义原则明显相悖。第三人撤销之诉制度就是向法院提起撤销或变更判决以保护第三人合法权益免受法院判决不利影响的一种诉讼制度。目前我国第三人撤销之诉制度尚不完善,必须借鉴其他国家的经验取长补短,并且与国内相关制度结合,构成保护第三人合法权益的完整救济体系。本文中笔者首先从概念的角度介绍和分析第三人撤销之诉的定义、特征和功能,深层次把握第三人撤销之诉的内涵；其次从理论的视角探究了第三人撤销之诉存在的理论价值基础,并结合既判力扩张对第三人权益保障的影响强调第三人撤销之诉制度设置的必要性；其中通过比较其与再审之诉、第三人执行异议之诉、第三人参加之诉等相关制度的异同,明晰第三人撤销之诉与其他相关制度的界限,明确其本质；接着笔者将大陆法系有相似规定国家的相关制度作了比较考察,从这些相关制度中汲取宝贵经验为完善我国第三人撤销之诉制度所借鉴；接着分析了我国民事诉讼制度对第三人的救济存在的不足之处,指出我国对于第三人撤销之诉制度完善的必要性；最后一部分笔者对于完善我国第三人撤销之诉制度提出具体的建议,包括建立相关配套制度与第三人撤销之诉制度相配合等,以期望为第三人撤销之诉的立法修改提供一点借鉴。
[Abstract]:Fairness and justice is the value of the law, the current social judicial resources are very scarce, which requires disputes can be quickly and efficiently resolved, so that the case can be resolved as soon as possible. However, in judicial practice, the expansion of res judicata often leads to the unfavorable influence of the effective judgment on the third party who does not participate in the lawsuit, which is obviously contrary to the principle of fairness and justice. The action system of the third party's revocation is a kind of litigation system that brings the annulment or changes the judgment to the court in order to protect the legal rights and interests of the third party from the adverse influence of the court judgment. At present, the system of third party revocation in our country is not perfect, we must draw lessons from the experience of other countries, and combine with the domestic relevant system to form a complete relief system to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the third party. In this paper, the author first introduces and analyzes the definition, characteristics and functions of the third party's revocation action from the perspective of concept, and deeply grasps the connotation of the third party's revocation action. Secondly, it probes into the theoretical value basis of the existence of the third party's revocation action from the theoretical angle of view, and emphasizes the necessity of setting up the third party's revocation action system combined with the influence of the expansion of res judicata on the protection of the third party's rights and interests. Through comparing the similarities and differences of the related systems, such as the action of retrial, the action of dissent by the third party, the action of the third party, and so on, the author clarifies the boundary between the action of revocation of the third party and other relevant systems, and clarifies its essence. Then the author makes a comparative study of the relevant systems of countries with similar provisions in the civil law system, and draws valuable experience from these systems to perfect the system of third party revocation in our country. Then it analyzes the deficiencies of the relief to the third party in our civil litigation system, and points out the necessity of perfecting the system of the third party's revocation in our country. In the last part, the author puts forward some specific suggestions to perfect the system of the third party's revocation, including the establishment of the relevant supporting system and the third party's revocation of the action system, and so on. To expect for the third party to withdraw the legislative amendments to provide some reference.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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