刑事审判监督程序启动问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 15:13

本文选题：刑事审判监督程序 + 禁止双重危险　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文的研究对象是刑事审判监督程序在启动方面存在的问题。该程序实际上是将裁判的既判力与法的公正性进行权衡的结果,它在纠正冤假错案、维护法的公正性方面发挥重要的作用。启动刑事审判监督程序是审判监督程序的基础阶段,是发挥其应有作用的关键所在。但是,在传统指导思想和实体真实主义观的深刻影响下,我国的刑事审判监督程序过于强调发现案件事实本身的真相,从而容易忽略了其他一些重要的法律价值观念,比如保障人权价值、程序公正价值、诉讼效率价值等,导致该程序在司法实践中难以发挥其应有的功能。笔者认为,任何一种司法制度的设计都是在权衡各种价值利益进行综合比较的情况下进行选择的结果,而不是随心所欲选择的,刑事审判监督程序当然也是针对司法实践选择的结果。党的十八届四中全会《决定》提出,“提出再审重在解决依法纠错、维护裁判权威和健全冤假错案有效防范、及时纠正机制保障当事人依法行使申诉权利。”根据党的政策性规定,可以得知,再审程序对于人权保障、纠正冤假错案的重要意义。但是实践中该程序有许多规定存在不合理之处,例如当事人重复进行申诉而不能进入再审程序的案件,已经严重损害司法的公正性和权威性。现阶段我国对刑事审判监督程序启动方面的问题研究还处于探索阶段,相关法律的制定和实施还不完善,还存在着许多问题。随着社会的发展,一系列冤假错案件频繁发生,社会大众开始质疑司法的公正和权威,人民群体甚至开始对法律本身存在质疑。我国启动审判监督程序本身意在关注社会公众的利益,发挥其真正的作用,但是理论支撑不够,法律规定不完善,导致许多问题的发生,所以研究提起刑事审判监督程序方面的问题并提出与之相应的对策和建议具有重要的现实意义。本文由四大部分构成。第一部分介绍启动刑事审判监督程序的基本概述,其中包括基本概念、构成要素及启动该程序的价值所在。第二部分介绍域外启动刑事审判监督程序的基本情况,包括启动的理论基础分析、主体分析、理由分析,以及我国可以借鉴的一些地方。第三部分介绍我国在提起刑事审判监督程序方面存在的问题,如启动该程序的理念存在偏差、启动主体不合理、提起理由过于笼统等。第四部分,就启动刑事审判监督程序的不足提出完善措施,如更新启动程序的理念、科学界定启动的主体、明确启动理由等。
[Abstract]:The object of this paper is the problems in the initiation of the criminal trial supervision procedure. In fact, the procedure is the result of weighing the res judicata and the justice of law, and it plays an important role in correcting cases of wrongs and safeguarding the impartiality of law. Criminal trial supervision procedure is the basic stage of trial supervision procedure and the key to play its due role. However, under the profound influence of the traditional guiding ideology and the materialistic view, the criminal trial supervision procedure in our country places too much emphasis on discovering the truth of the facts of the case itself, thus neglecting some other important legal values. For example, the value of safeguarding human rights, the value of procedural justice, the value of litigation efficiency, and so on, which makes it difficult for the procedure to play its due function in judicial practice. The author believes that the design of any kind of judicial system is the result of the comprehensive comparison of various value and interests, not the choice of any kind of judicial system. Of course, the procedure of criminal trial supervision is also the result of judicial practice. The "decision" of the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward, "it is proposed that retrial should focus on resolving the correction of errors in accordance with the law, safeguarding the authority of the adjudicators and improving the effective prevention of miscarriage of justice, and timely correcting mechanisms to ensure that the parties concerned exercise their right to appeal according to law." According to the policy regulation of the Party, we can know that the retrial procedure is of great significance to the protection of human rights and the correction of unjust and false cases. However, in practice, there are many unreasonable provisions in this procedure, such as cases in which the parties repeatedly appeal and cannot enter the retrial procedure, which have seriously damaged the impartiality and authority of the judiciary. At present, the research on the initiation of criminal trial supervision procedure in China is still in the exploratory stage, the formulation and implementation of relevant laws are not perfect, and there are still many problems. With the development of the society, a series of unjust and false cases occur frequently, the public begin to question the justice and authority of the judiciary, and the people's groups even begin to question the law itself. Our trial supervision procedure itself is intended to pay attention to the interests of the public and play its real role, but the theoretical support is not enough and the legal provisions are not perfect, leading to many problems. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the problems of criminal trial supervision procedure and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. This paper consists of four parts. The first part introduces the basic outline of starting the criminal trial supervision procedure, including the basic concept, the constituent elements and the value of starting the procedure. The second part introduces the basic situation of the foreign criminal trial supervision procedure, including the theoretical basis analysis, the main body analysis, the reason analysis, as well as some places that our country can use for reference. The third part introduces the problems existing in the procedure of criminal trial supervision in our country, such as the deviation of the idea of starting the procedure, the unreasonable starting subject, the general reason of raising the procedure and so on. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some perfect measures to improve the procedure of criminal trial supervision, such as renewing the concept of starting procedure, scientifically defining the subject of starting, and defining the reasons for starting.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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