论我国小额诉讼制度的立法完善

发布时间：2018-05-27 13:22

本文选题：小额诉讼 + 立案标准　；参考：《浙江工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国《民事诉讼法》第162条已对小额案件的审理作出规定,然而仅一条制度性规定明显存在着缺陷,其对有关小额诉讼制度的立案标准、当事人的程序选择权以及救济机制等问题并未进行系统性的构建,并且对于上诉问题也仅在简易程序中作出禁止上诉的特别规定,整个制度规定与国外的制度相比还非常简陋,不足以解决实践中遇到的细节性问题,故不是完整意义上的小额诉讼制度。本文主要从七部分进行阐述,第一部分对小额诉讼的概念进行评析,第二部分介绍了建立小额诉讼制度的价值基础,第三部分从域外小额诉讼制度的规定中总结出经验教训,为我国的制度构建做基奠。第四部分在对我国小额诉讼制度进行评价后,提出立法机关和司法机关在制度构建上的态度差异,并对小额诉讼的立案标准、适用对象、程序选择以及程序转换等内容予以明确。第五部分与第六部分紧密联系,前者为后者做铺垫,在第五部分在将立法模式确定为禁止上诉为主、程序分化为辅的基础上,将立法完善的内容纳入到第六部分里。第六部分也是全文的核心内容,提出了完善小额诉讼制度的构想,分别从起诉、审理、裁决、救济等方面对小额诉讼制度进行系统性的构建,强调保障当事人救济权利的重要性。从我国小额诉讼发展的总体趋势来看,完善小额诉讼制度的重心应转向对上述问题的展开,这样既能更好地实现小额诉讼的价值,又符合我国国情的设计。总之,完善小额诉讼制度最关键的要先从思想上对小额诉讼制度予以重视,对小额诉讼制度有一个理性的、正确的认识。其次,严格按照立案标准适用小额诉讼程序,在审判的过程中要对诉讼程序进行必要的简化,最后,救济机制不但要针对小额诉讼程序的特点建立,而且要真正保障当事人的救济权,实现救济机制的目的。在今后的制度改革中,应出台相应的司法解释,甚至在《民事诉讼法》中进一步修改小额诉讼制度,使其真正实现高效、便捷的内在价值,更好地为司法实践服务。
[Abstract]:At present, Article 162 of the Civil procedure Law of our country has provided for the hearing of minor cases. However, there is only one provision in the system that has obvious defects. The procedural option and relief mechanism of the parties have not been systematically constructed, and the appeal issue is only in summary procedure to make a special provision forbidding appeal, the whole system provisions are very simple compared with the foreign system. It is not enough to solve the detailed problems encountered in practice, so it is not a complete system of small claims. The first part analyzes the concept of small claims litigation, the second part introduces the value basis of the establishment of small claims litigation system, the third part summarizes the experience and lessons from the provisions of the extraterritorial small claims system. It is the foundation for the construction of our country's system. The fourth part puts forward the differences in attitude between the legislature and the judicial organs in the construction of the system after the evaluation of the small claims system in China, and puts forward the standards and applicable objects for filing the small claims. Program selection and program conversion and other content to be clear. The fifth part is closely connected with the sixth part, the former makes the foundation for the latter, and in the fifth part, on the basis of defining the legislative model as the prohibition of appeal and the differentiation of the procedure, the content of the legislative perfection is brought into the sixth part. The sixth part is also the core content of the full text, put forward the concept of perfecting the small claims litigation system, respectively from the prosecution, trial, adjudication, relief and other aspects of the small claims system of systematic construction, The importance of protecting the right of the parties to remedy is emphasized. From the general trend of the development of small claims litigation in China, the focus of perfecting the system of small claims should be shifted to the development of the above problems, so that the value of small claims can be better realized and the design in line with the national conditions of our country. In a word, the most important thing to perfect the system of small claims is to attach importance to it ideologically and to have a rational and correct understanding of it. Secondly, the small claims procedure should be applied strictly in accordance with the standard of filing the case, and the procedure should be simplified in the course of trial. Finally, the relief mechanism should not only be established according to the characteristics of the small claims procedure, Moreover, the relief right of the parties should be guaranteed and the purpose of the relief mechanism should be realized. In the system reform in the future, the corresponding judicial explanation should be introduced, and even the minor lawsuit system should be further revised in the Civil procedure Law, so that it can truly realize the intrinsic value of efficiency and convenience, and serve the judicial practice better.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

【参考文献】