消费者维权公益诉讼制度的完善

发布时间：2018-06-29 15:51

本文选题：公益诉讼 + 消费者维权　；参考：《南昌大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：新民事诉讼法规定了对于环境污染和侵害众多消费者合法权益等公共利益的行为可以提起公益诉讼，这一规定标志着我国的法律制度在公益诉讼上迈出了重要的一步。但是，，我国的消费者维权公益诉讼制度的构建之路还很漫长。提起公益诉讼的主体并不明确、公益诉讼中如何分担举证责任也有待商榷、如何减轻公益诉讼费用值得我们深思、如何建立诉讼激约机制、怎样适当延长公益诉讼的诉讼时效、能不能扩张诉讼判决的效力，这一系列的问题都引起了学术界和司法界的广泛讨论。笔者分四个章节对这一系列问题进行了论述。第一章对消费者维权公益诉讼的含义、特征以及法理基础进行了论述，让我们了解什么是消费者维权公益诉讼。第二章通过分析传统消费者诉讼存在的不足，讨论消费者维权公益诉讼在我国存在具有必要性。第三章在介绍美国的集团诉讼和德国团体诉讼模式的基础上，分析美国和德国的公益诉讼模式对我国具有哪些启示和借鉴。第四章笔者对我国消费者维权公益诉讼的建立提出了一些构想，包括：健全原告资格制度、举证责任合理分担、减轻诉讼费用等。希望对我国消费者维权公益诉讼制度的立法和司法有所帮助。
[Abstract]:The new civil procedure law stipulates that public interest litigation can be brought against environmental pollution and infringements on the legal rights and interests of many consumers. This regulation marks an important step forward in public interest litigation in China's legal system. However, China's consumer rights litigation system is still a long way to build. The main body of public interest litigation is not clear, how to share the burden of proof in public interest litigation is also open to question, how to reduce the cost of public interest litigation is worth pondering, how to establish the mechanism of litigation, how to properly extend the limitation of action in public interest litigation, Whether we can expand the validity of litigation judgment, this series of issues have aroused extensive discussion in academic and judicial circles. The author divides into four chapters to carry on the discussion to this series of questions. The first chapter discusses the meaning, characteristics and legal basis of consumer public interest litigation, so that we can understand what consumer rights public interest litigation is. The second chapter discusses the necessity of consumer rights litigation in China by analyzing the shortcomings of traditional consumer litigation. On the basis of the introduction of the class action in the United States and the group action in Germany, the third chapter analyzes the enlightenment and reference of the public interest litigation model of the United States and Germany to our country. In the fourth chapter, the author puts forward some ideas on the establishment of consumer rights litigation in China, including: perfecting the plaintiff qualification system, sharing the burden of proof reasonably, reducing the costs of litigation and so on. I hope it will be helpful to the legislation and judicature of public interest litigation system of consumer rights protection in our country.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1;D923.8

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