刑法客观主义与防止错案

发布时间：2018-08-11 10:23

【摘要】：2016年年底,多年来备受关注的聂树斌强奸及故意杀人案以最高人民法院第二巡回法庭宣告聂树斌无罪而告平反昭雪。这是继云南杜培武故意杀人案、湖北佘祥林故意杀人案、河南赵作海故意杀人案、浙江张高平及张辉叔侄故意杀人案、福建念斌投毒案、内蒙古呼格吉勒图故意杀人案、海南陈满故意杀人案等之后,又一起牵动我国社会公众的神经与情感,在当事人家属反复不断申冤、各界人士鼎力相助几十年之后,终于迎来但的确迟到的那一缕司法正义的阳光。自然地,每一桩冤案错案的平反昭雪,都会让当事人家属稍感欣慰,对无端沉冤而消失的生命也有那么一点稍许的慰藉,同样也都会让社会公众多多少少舒那么一口气。但对于当代中国的法律人而言,恐怕少许的欣慰实在无法缓解心中基于职业良知而背负的司法正义不到或者迟到的“罪孽”的沉重。因为我们知道,我们的社会可能至今都还有很多的冤案错案,正在排队等候着见到司法正义曙光的那一刻;我们的社会今后依然可能还会产生各式各样的冤案错案,从而让正义蒙羞。与众多得到平反或者未能得到平反的冤案错案一样,聂树斌案也好,呼格吉勒图案也好,无论其影响程度有多大、影响范围有多广,都终将归于沉寂而成为历史中的一个事件。但作为法律人,我们恐怕不应该轻易忘记这些冤案错案,也不应该随意地越过这些冤案错案,尤其是在我国全面推进依法治国,通过建设中国特色社会主义法治体系以努力建设社会主义法治国家的时代背景下,我们更应该通过对这些冤案错案的理性反思,来对我国的相关制度及其实践以及对作为制度实践的参与者的我们自身进行深刻的反思和批判,以寻求即使不能杜绝也要尽可能减少冤案错案的发生,向习近平总书记提出的“努力让人民群众在每一个司法案件中都能感受到公平正义”的目标不断迈进。为此,我们邀请了清华大学法学院周光权教授、中国青年政治学院林维教授、吉林大学法学院徐岱教授、沈阳师范大学法学院及法律与公共政策研究中心姚建宗教授,共同参与这次以“反思冤案错案”为主题的笔谈。
[Abstract]:At the end of 2016, Nie Shubin's rapes and manslaughter cases, which have attracted much attention for many years, were acquitted by the second Circuit Court of the Supreme people's Court. This is a case of intentional homicide by du Peiwu in Yunnan Province, deliberate homicide in she Xianglin in Hubei Province, intentional homicide in Zhao Zuohai in Henan Province, intentional homicide in Zhejiang Zhang Gao Ping and Zhang Hui's nephew, poisoning in Nimin in Fujian Province, and intentional homicide in Huugjilt in Inner Mongolia. After the manslaughter case of Chen Man in Hainan, and so on, together with the nerves and feelings of the public in our country, after the family members of the parties repeatedly avenged their grievances and people from all walks of life helped each other for decades, Finally ushered in but was indeed late for that ray of justice sunshine. Naturally, the rehabilitation of every wrong case will make the family of the party a little gratified. There is also a little consolation for the life that has disappeared without cause, as well as more or less relief for the public. But for the legal people of contemporary China, I am afraid that a little relief can not alleviate the burden of judicial justice based on professional conscience or late "sin". Because we know that our society may still have a lot of wrongs and are waiting in line to see the dawn of judicial justice. Our society may still have all kinds of wrongs and wrongs in the future. And bring shame to justice. Like many wrongs that have been vindicated or have not been rehabilitated, Nie Shubin case and Huugjilt case, no matter how large their influence and how wide their scope of influence, will eventually fall silent and become an event in history. However, as legal personnel, I am afraid that we should not easily forget these wrongs, nor should we arbitrarily go beyond them, especially in promoting the rule of law in an all-round way in our country. Under the background of building a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics in an effort to build a socialist country ruled by law, we should reflect on these wrong cases through rational reflection. To deeply reflect and criticize the relevant systems and practices of our country, as well as ourselves as participants in institutional practice, in order to seek to minimize the occurrence of wrongful cases even if they cannot be eliminated. President Xi Jinping's goal of "trying to make the people feel fair and just in every judicial case." To this end, we have invited Professor Zhou Guangquan, School of Law, Tsinghua University, Professor Lin Wei, China Youth School of Politics, Professor Xu Dai, School of Law of Jilin University, Professor Yao Jianzong, School of Law and Research Center of Law and Public Policy of Shenyang normal University, Joint participation in this "reflection on the wrong case of injustice" as the theme of the written conversation.
【作者单位】：清华大学法学院;
【分类号】：D914

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