虚假调解的检察监督研究

发布时间：2018-09-02 07:14

【摘要】：我国现行的民事诉讼调解制度程序比较简洁,在法律允许的范围内,充分的考虑了当事人的合意性,当事人之间可以在法律允许的范围内以协商的方式解决纠纷,法院作为审判主体在调解的过程中应保持中立的态度,从化解矛盾和解决当事人的纠纷为出发点,充分的让调解制度发挥作用,节约诉讼成本。在具体的司法实践中,法院审理的民事案件也趋向于通过调解的方式来结案,说明在现阶段法院处理案件的过程中调解的运用成为解决纠纷的常态。因此调解制度的存在,对于化解矛盾,维护社会和谐,促进经济的发展都发挥了其自身的作用。但是随着社会经济的发展,调解制度在具体的实践中也出现了一些弊端,当事人之间利用调解程序的简化去谋求非法利益的情况也并不少见,主要的表现形式就是通过虚假调解去侵害案外第三人的合法权益。虚假调解的存在是对调解制度的一种挑战,因此对于虚假调解的检察监督是现阶段诉讼程序中不可避免的问题,不论是理论还是实践中都应该加强对虚假调解检察监督的研究,从立法上解决检察监督的合法性问题,从理论研究上对检察监督的完善提出合理建议。民事调解制度的存在使得双方当事人解决纠纷化解矛盾更为便利,同时也减轻了法院和法官的负担,使得司法资源更加的优化。但是近年来,虚假调解的案件在司法实践中出现的频率越来越高,又因为立法存在滞后性,使得虚假调解行为得不到有效的法律监督,这就需要从法律上去赋予检察机关对虚假调解案件的检察监督权,让检察机关对于虚假调解的案件能从法律的层面上去进行监督,发挥检察监督制度的优势从而起到规制虚假调解的作用。虚假调解主要是通过双方当事人的恶意串通,双方达成协议,虚构了法律事实或者相关证据,其实质上来看双方当事人之间并不存在争议和纠纷,只是需要通过这样的形式误导法院作出有利于实现自己非法目的的调解书。因此对于虚假调解的检察监督不仅仅需要从法律层面规定检察机关有权利行使检察监督的具体范围,加大检察监督的力度,还需要对检察机关在具体操作过程中的程序规范进行详细的规定,通过不断的完善对于虚假调解的检察监督,从而达到规制虚假调解的目的。本文从五个部分对虚假调解进行分析:第一部分虚假调解的研究现状和方法,主要是说明了虚假调解的产生以及现阶段对于这一理论研究的现状。第二部分虚假调解的概述,介绍了虚假调解的概念和构成要件,并对与虚假调解相关概念进行了分析。第三部分阐述了虚假调解高发的原因,从调解制度本身的缺陷,以及审判机制存在的不足、社会诚信缺失等方面对虚假调解的高发进行了分析。第四部分虚假调解检察监督的作用及存在的困境,表述了检察机关在规制虚假调解的过程中应该发挥的作用,对于虚假调解的检察监督在立法上和实践中存在的困难。第五部分对于虚假调解监督体系的完善建议。
[Abstract]:The procedure of the current civil litigation mediation system in our country is relatively simple. Within the scope permitted by law, the parties'consent is fully taken into account. Disputes can be settled through consultation between the parties within the scope permitted by law. The court, as the trial subject, should maintain a neutral attitude in the process of mediation, so as to resolve contradictions and solve problems. In the specific judicial practice, civil cases tried by courts tend to be settled through mediation, which shows that the use of mediation in the process of handling cases at this stage has become a normal state of dispute resolution. However, with the development of social economy, the mediation system also has some drawbacks in the specific practice. It is not uncommon for the parties to use the simplification of mediation procedures to seek illegal interests. The existence of false mediation is a challenge to the mediation system. Therefore, procuratorial supervision over false mediation is an unavoidable problem in the litigation process at this stage. It is necessary to strengthen the study of procuratorial supervision over false mediation both in theory and practice, and to legislate from the perspective of legislation. The existence of civil mediation system makes it more convenient for both parties to resolve disputes and resolve contradictions. At the same time, it lightens the burden of the courts and judges, making the judicial resources more optimized. But in recent years, false mediation cases. The occurrence frequency of cases in judicial practice is higher and higher, and because of the lag of legislation, the false mediation behavior can not be effectively supervised by law. This requires that the procuratorial organ be given the procuratorial supervision power to the false mediation cases from the legal point of view, so that the procuratorial organ can supervise the cases of false mediation from the legal level. False mediation is mainly through the malicious collusion between the two parties, the two sides reached an agreement, fictitious legal facts or related evidence, in essence, there is no dispute and disputes between the two parties, but the need for such a form of error. Therefore, the procuratorial supervision of false mediation needs not only to stipulate the specific scope of the procuratorial organs'right to exercise procuratorial supervision from the legal level, but also to strengthen the procuratorial supervision, and to carry out detailed procedures in the specific operation process of the procuratorial organs. This article analyzes the false mediation from five parts: The first part is the research status and methods of the false mediation, mainly explains the emergence of the false mediation and the present situation of this theoretical research. The third part expounds the reasons for the high incidence of false mediation, and points out the defects of the mediation system itself, as well as the shortcomings of the judicial mechanism, the lack of social integrity and other aspects of the high incidence of false mediation. The fourth part analyzes the function and predicament of the procuratorial supervision of false mediation, expounds the role that the procuratorial organs should play in the process of regulating false mediation, and the difficulties in legislation and practice of the procuratorial supervision of false mediation. The fifth part gives some suggestions on the improvement of the supervision system of false mediation.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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