论民事立案登记施行后的制度衔接

发布时间：2018-09-19 14:48

【摘要】：民事诉讼在法律和司法层面的相关解释都表述了民事立案登记制度,无论在实体和程序上、还是相协调的制度上都包含了充足多彩的内涵。中国的立案登记制的创立是我国诉讼法进程中一大进步的标志,这项制度是民事诉讼法里的极为关键性的制度。立案活动是民事诉讼行径的开端,一旦司法机关进行立案,就意味着诉讼程序完全进行中。原有的民事立案制度在理论界和日常生活中被定义为“立案审查制”,也是成为当事人正式进入司法诉讼困难的制度根源。改革立案制度的呼声得到了理论和实务的支持,因此民事立案制度由立案审查向立案登记制度的转变是民主法治的进步,也是尊重人权保障民众诉权的进步。民事立案登记制的应运而生,会缓解被社会一直广泛议论“立案难”的情况,自立案登记制实施以来,立案数量激增,人民热情高涨,极大地方便了群众诉讼,减轻了当事人诉累,各类案件显著增加。与此同时,立案登记制在实施过程中也遇到一些问题,易发生诉讼爆炸,案多人少,法官负担加重,滥用诉权情况增加等问题。而这些问题若不能很好的得到解决,不仅不能推动立案登记制顺利开展,还可能引发其他的社会矛盾。本文采取理论分析、比较研究和实证分析的方法,着重分析了立案登记制与其他制度的关联性,找出立案登记制度下原有的衔接制度的不合适处。以求能通过调整和构建相关制度促进改革后的立案制度顺利进行。本文的正文主要有以下三个部分组成。第一部分:首先,宏观上了解我国当前形势下的民事立案登记制度,综合分析了立案制度改革发生的背景及现阶段立案登记制度存在的必要性,同时也对立案审查制度向立案登记制转换进行了法律解读。其次,对与立案登记制度较为密切相关的制度进行基础性的分析,其中主要以答辩制度、法官释名制度、诉权监督制度、诉调对接制度为例,并对立案登记与其他相衔接制度进行界定。第二部分:分析在立案改革施行的不到两年来存在的问题。在这部分分别从法律层面和实际运行层面考量立案登记制度下带来的问题,首先从理论层面分析引发立案登记产生问题的因素,其次概括在实际运行中产生的矛盾。第三部分:针对立案登记制度衍生出来的种种弊端提出的构想。笔者将分别从释名制度、监督制度、多元化纠纷解决机制角度来阐述如何完善相关衔接制度从而推动立案登记制发挥优势最大化。在本文中,笔者希望通过对登记制进行的深入的分析研究,可以发现立案登记制在我国实施的困境,并在此基础上建议相关部门对于完善民事立案登记制度。
[Abstract]:The relevant interpretations of civil litigation in the legal and judicial level have expressed the civil filing registration system, both in substance and procedure, or in the coordinated system, which contains abundant and colorful connotations. The establishment of the registration system in China is a symbol of great progress in the process of our procedural law, which is an extremely critical system in the civil procedure law. The action of filing a case is the beginning of civil action. Once the judicial department files a case, it means that the proceedings are in full progress. The original civil filing system is defined as "filing and examining system" in the theoretical circle and daily life, and it is also the root of the difficulty for the parties to enter the judicial proceedings. The voice of reforming the filing system has been supported by theory and practice, so the change of civil filing system from filing examination to filing registration system is the progress of democracy and rule of law, and also the progress of respecting human rights and protecting people's right of action. The emergence of the civil registration system at the historic moment will alleviate the situation that has been widely discussed in society about the "difficulty of filing a case." since the implementation of the registration system, the number of civil cases has increased dramatically, and the people's enthusiasm has soared, which has greatly facilitated the mass litigation. It alleviated the litigants'tiredness and increased the number of cases. At the same time, there are also some problems in the implementation of the registration system, such as the explosion of litigation, the small number of cases, the heavier burden of judges, the increase of abuse of the right of action and so on. If these problems can not be solved well, not only can not promote the smooth development of the registration system, but also may lead to other social contradictions. By means of theoretical analysis, comparative study and empirical analysis, this paper focuses on the analysis of the relevance between the registration system and other systems, and finds out the inappropriateness of the original cohesive system under the registration system. In order to adjust and build the relevant system to promote the smooth implementation of the reform system. The main body of this paper is composed of the following three parts. The first part: first of all, we understand the civil registration system under the current situation of our country, and comprehensively analyze the background of the reform of the filing system and the necessity of the present filing and registration system. At the same time, the legal interpretation of the case-filing system to the registration system is also carried out. Secondly, the basic analysis of the system closely related to the registration system is carried out, in which the defense system, the judge interpretation system, the supervision system of the right of action and the docking system of litigation are taken as examples. And the registration and other linkage system is defined. The second part: analyze the existing problems in the reform of filing for less than two years. In this part, respectively from the legal level and the practical operational level to consider the registration system brought about by the problems, first from the theoretical level analysis of the causes of registration problems, and then summarized in the actual operation of contradictions. The third part: the conception of the malpractice derived from the registration system. From the angle of explanation system, supervision system and diversified dispute resolution mechanism, the author will expound how to perfect the connection system and promote the registration system to maximize its advantages. In this paper, the author hopes that through the in-depth analysis of the registration system, we can find the plight of the implementation of the registration system in China, and on this basis, the relevant departments to improve the civil registration system.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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