刑事诉讼见证人制度的问题与完善

发布时间：2018-11-02 19:21

【摘要】：限权理念自法律制度产生伊始从未中断，创建各种良好的制度使国家工作人员在法律框架内行使权力，不越权，不滥用职权，是所有法律工作者追求的目标。刑事见证人便是这样一种制度，它产生的重要目标即是限制国家机关权力行使，尤其是侦查机关侦查权的行使，维护诉讼的公平公正。刑事见证人制度在我国产生已久，，但30多年来立法并无明显改进，见证人制度立法存在的诸多缺陷影响了司法实践操作的规范与统一，限制了见证人制度功能的发挥。本文分析了我国见证人制度的立法和实践现状，指出见证人制度存在的问题，立足于国内的法治现状，借鉴国外的立法和实践经验，取长补短，去粗取精，为我国见证人制度的完善建言，确立见证制度的基本原则，为见证制度的完善指明方向；确立统一的见证程序，避免不同诉讼行为下见证的混乱；明确见证人的适用范围，防止司法实践适用的随意性；构建混合见证的强制见证模式，解决利害关系人恶意见证的问题；区别见证人见证不同情形下的证据效力，为法官裁量证据效力提供更为清晰的依据；明确见证人的义务和权利，使见证人对自身行为及后果有预期的认识。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the legal system, the concept of power restriction has never been interrupted. It is the goal that all legal workers pursue to create various good systems to enable state functionaries to exercise their power within the legal framework, not to exceed their authority and not to abuse their powers. The criminal witness is such a system, and its important goal is to restrict the exercise of the power of the state organ, especially the power of investigation of the investigative organ, and to maintain the fairness and fairness of the lawsuit. The system of criminal witness has been produced in our country for a long time, but the legislation has not been improved obviously in the past 30 years. Many defects in the legislation of witness system have affected the standardization and unification of judicial practice and restricted the function of witness system. This paper analyzes the present situation of the legislation and practice of the witness system in China, points out the problems existing in the witness system, bases itself on the present situation of the rule of law at home, draws lessons from the foreign legislative and practical experience, learns from each other's weaknesses, and eliminates the rough and refined system. Make suggestions for the perfection of witness system in our country, establish the basic principle of witness system, and point out the direction for the perfection of witness system; To establish a unified witness procedure to avoid the confusion of witness under different litigation acts, to clear the scope of application of witnesses, and to prevent the arbitrariness of judicial practice; Construct the compulsory witness mode of mixed witness, solve the problem of malicious witness of interested parties, distinguish the evidence effectiveness of witness under different circumstances, and provide a clearer basis for judge to judge the evidence effectiveness. Make clear the duty and right of the witness, make the witness have the anticipatory understanding to their own behavior and consequence.
【学位授予单位】：广东财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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