论我国暂予监外执行制度的完善

发布时间：2018-11-17 17:30

【摘要】：暂予监外执行,是指对被判处无期徒刑、有期徒刑或者拘役的罪犯,具有法律规定的某种特殊情况,不适宜在监狱或者拘役所等场所执行刑罚,暂时采取不予关押的一种变通执行方式。现行的暂予监外执行制度形成于上世纪七八十年代,1996年《刑事诉讼法》正式将此制度确立下来,2012年我国对《刑事诉讼法》进行了暂予监外执行制度修改。2014年五部门联发的《暂予监外执行规定》对暂予监外执行的适用范围、条件、程序以及各有关部门的工作职责、衔接和配合制约机制等作出了具体规定,使现行暂予监外执行制度趋于完善。然而,暂予监外执行制度还存在许多不足之处,容易导致司法腐败,损害司法的公正性,严肃性和权威性,违背了刑罚人道主义的主旨。同时,我国长期以来监禁刑占主导地位的司法理念的影响,对罪犯人权保障意识淡薄,以及社区矫正的教化帮扶力度不足等问题,都需要在以后的立法中逐步完善。笔者希望立足审判实践,从罪犯的人权保障和刑罚人道主义角度出发,通过对我国暂予监外执行制度的存在的问题,提出完善我国暂予监外执行制度的一些建议。本文首先阐述暂予监外执行制度的概念、基本特征、意义、发展进程;其次,立足我国现行的司法实践,以案例和综合数据分析,突显我国暂予监外执行制度存在的问题,以理论结合实践,从法律条文之间的冲突、保证人法律责任规定的缺失、审批决定机关责任不明确、罪犯交接执行程序不规范、暂予监外执行罪犯收监难、社区矫正流于形式、暂予监外执行监督不到位等方面,进行成因分析;最后,提出完善我国暂予监外执行的基本思路,通过统一暂予监外执行的适用对象、明确暂予监外执行的适用条件、增加罪犯适用暂予监外执行的限制条款、扩大暂予监外执行的期间计入刑期的除外情形、人民法院对暂予监外执行行使统一裁定权、规范暂予监外执行制度执行程序、规定保证人不履行保证义务的法律责任、加大社区矫正的执行力度、暂予监外执行制度检察监督的建议,以健全我国暂予监外执行制度。
[Abstract]:Temporary execution outside prison refers to the fact that a criminal sentenced to life imprisonment, fixed-term imprisonment or criminal detention has certain special circumstances as prescribed by law and is not suitable for the execution of a penalty in a prison or a criminal detention institution or other places, A temporary alternative to detention. The current system of temporary execution outside prison was formed in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1996, the Criminal procedure Law formally established this system. In 2012, China amended the implementation system of the Criminal procedure Law temporarily outside the prison. The scope of application, conditions, procedures, and the work responsibilities of the relevant departments for the temporary execution of the outside prison were jointly issued by the five departments in 2014. The connection and coordination mechanism have made specific provisions, which make the current system of temporary execution out of prison more perfect. However, there are still many deficiencies in the system of temporary execution outside the prison, which can easily lead to judicial corruption, damage the justice of the judiciary, be serious and authoritative, and violate the purport of criminal humanitarianism. At the same time, the influence of the judicial idea that the imprisonment penalty occupies the leading position for a long time in our country, the weak consciousness of protecting the human rights of the criminal, and the insufficient education and support of the community correction, all need to be perfected gradually in the future legislation. The author hopes to base on trial practice, from the angle of criminal's human rights protection and penalty humanitarianism, put forward some suggestions to perfect our country's temporary outside prison execution system through the existing problems of our country's temporary outside prison execution system. This paper first describes the concept, basic characteristics, significance and development process of the temporary outside execution system. Secondly, based on the current judicial practice of our country, with the analysis of cases and comprehensive data, it highlights the problems existing in the enforcement system of temporary imprisonment in our country, combines theory with practice, from the conflict between legal provisions, the absence of legal liability provisions of guarantor. The causes of formation are analyzed in the following aspects: the responsibility of the examination and approval decision organ is not clear, the procedure of the criminal transfer and execution is not standardized, the temporary execution of the criminal outside the prison is difficult, the community correction is a mere formality, and the temporary execution supervision outside the prison is not in place; Finally, the paper puts forward the basic idea of perfecting the temporary execution outside the prison in China, through unifying the applicable object of the temporary execution outside the prison, clarifying the applicable conditions of the temporary execution outside the prison, and increasing the restriction clause of the criminal applying the temporary execution outside the prison. The people's court shall exercise the unified power of ruling over the temporary execution outside the prison, standardize the procedures for the execution of the system of temporary execution outside the prison, and stipulate the legal liability of the guarantor not to perform the obligation of guaranty. To strengthen the enforcement of community correction and to put forward the suggestion of procuratorial supervision on the system of temporary execution outside prison in order to perfect the system of temporary execution outside prison in our country.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.2

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