刑事证人的职业拒证权研究
发布时间：2019-01-10 18:05
【摘要】：证人证言对于发现案件的事实真相有重要的作用，因而法律规定每个公民都有作证的义务。而在实际生活中很多证人出于情感和道德的原因不愿意作证，证人基于自身职业道德的保密义务而拒绝作证，是其中的一个重要部分，国家公权力是否能够强制要求这些证人作证？刑事证人职业拒证权能够更好的维护执业者与委托人之间的信赖关系，促进该职业的发展与繁荣，然而这也有可能使得一些犯罪人逃脱法律的制裁，法律的正义得不到伸张。在我国2013年正式实施的新刑诉法中明确规定了辩护律师—委托人拒证权，这是我国职业拒证权制度的一个突破，而其他职业主体能否享有呢？这需要我们的立法者权衡各方面的利益，对其进行深层次的分析和探讨。 本文分为四个章节，首先对刑事证人的职业拒证权基本概念及我国职业拒证权的历史与现状进行了介绍；接着主要介绍了刑事证人职业拒证权的一般规则，里面详细论述了作为刑事证人职业拒证权基础的职业交流概念和特征，及职业信任的重要性；职业拒证权本身起源于西方，因而在第三部分，对西方国家的刑事证人职业拒证权进行了考察，，对其发展的过程、存在的正当性进行了分析，介绍了不同学说关于刑事证人职业拒证权制度的争论；最后根据我国的实际情况，提出了完善该制度的原则，建议对我国的刑事证人职业拒证权中的律师主体范围要更明确，同时可以考虑将心理医生这一职业纳入刑事证人职业拒证权中来。
[Abstract]:Witness testimony plays an important role in discovering the truth of the case, so the law imposes an obligation on every citizen to testify. In real life, many witnesses are unwilling to testify for emotional and moral reasons. Witnesses refuse to testify on the basis of their professional ethics' duty of confidentiality, which is an important part of it. Can the public power of the State compel these witnesses to testify? The criminal witness's right of professional refusal can better maintain the trust relationship between the practitioner and the client, and promote the development and prosperity of the profession. However, it may also make some criminals escape the sanction of the law, and the justice of the law can not be done. In 2013, the new criminal procedure law of our country has clearly stipulated the right of defense counsel-client to refuse to testify, which is a breakthrough of the system of professional refusal of evidence in our country, but can other professional subjects enjoy it? This requires our legislators to weigh the interests of all aspects of the in-depth analysis and discussion. This paper is divided into four chapters. Firstly, it introduces the basic concept of the criminal witness's right of professional refusal and the history and present situation of the right of professional refusal of proof in our country. Then it mainly introduces the general rules of the criminal witness's right of professional refusal, and discusses in detail the concept and characteristics of professional exchange as the basis of the right of criminal witness's professional refusal, and the importance of professional trust. In the third part, the author makes an investigation on the right of professional denial of evidence of criminal witnesses in western countries, and analyzes the process of its development and the legitimacy of its existence. This paper introduces the arguments of different theories about the system of criminal witness's right of professional refusal to testify; Finally, according to the actual situation of our country, the paper puts forward the principles of perfecting the system, and suggests that the scope of the lawyer's subject in the criminal witness's right of professional refusal to testify should be more clearly defined. At the same time, we can consider that the profession of psychiatrist should be included in the right of criminal witness's professional refusal.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2
本文编号：2406626
[Abstract]:Witness testimony plays an important role in discovering the truth of the case, so the law imposes an obligation on every citizen to testify. In real life, many witnesses are unwilling to testify for emotional and moral reasons. Witnesses refuse to testify on the basis of their professional ethics' duty of confidentiality, which is an important part of it. Can the public power of the State compel these witnesses to testify? The criminal witness's right of professional refusal can better maintain the trust relationship between the practitioner and the client, and promote the development and prosperity of the profession. However, it may also make some criminals escape the sanction of the law, and the justice of the law can not be done. In 2013, the new criminal procedure law of our country has clearly stipulated the right of defense counsel-client to refuse to testify, which is a breakthrough of the system of professional refusal of evidence in our country, but can other professional subjects enjoy it? This requires our legislators to weigh the interests of all aspects of the in-depth analysis and discussion. This paper is divided into four chapters. Firstly, it introduces the basic concept of the criminal witness's right of professional refusal and the history and present situation of the right of professional refusal of proof in our country. Then it mainly introduces the general rules of the criminal witness's right of professional refusal, and discusses in detail the concept and characteristics of professional exchange as the basis of the right of criminal witness's professional refusal, and the importance of professional trust. In the third part, the author makes an investigation on the right of professional denial of evidence of criminal witnesses in western countries, and analyzes the process of its development and the legitimacy of its existence. This paper introduces the arguments of different theories about the system of criminal witness's right of professional refusal to testify; Finally, according to the actual situation of our country, the paper puts forward the principles of perfecting the system, and suggests that the scope of the lawyer's subject in the criminal witness's right of professional refusal to testify should be more clearly defined. At the same time, we can consider that the profession of psychiatrist should be included in the right of criminal witness's professional refusal.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2
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