抽象行政不作为的司法救济研究

发布时间：2019-06-12 01:14

【摘要】：随着社会经济的不断向前发展,社会管理模式的不断变革,国家行政主体享有的行政权也在不断地扩大,抽象行政行为已然逐步的深入到我们生活的各个方面,自然而然的对于抽象行政不作为来说,其所产生的侵害我们合法权益的案件,也会越发增加,现有体制对于抽象行政不作为案件,仍然缺乏非常有效的监督,造成了监督缺位的现象。从司法层面来讲,理论界一直主张探讨建立抽象行政不作为案件之诉,并且分析建立的理论基础、现实性、可行性等等。但是一项法律制度的建立,也不是一蹴而就的,需要“循规蹈矩,因地制宜”,因而2015年我国《行政诉讼法》经过修改,虽未明确建立抽象行政行为之诉,却明文规定了对抽象行政行为司法审查这一内容,虽然对于该司法审查,遗憾的来讲,并未纳入行政行为的受案范围,但是从一定程度上讲,也可以将其视为抽象行政不作为进入司法诉讼领域的新动向和新发展,迈开了建立抽象行政行为诉讼制度的第一步。本文先从抽象行政不作为的概念、构成要件、分类、以及特征这一部分进行阐述,这样可以让我们很好先从实质上去理解把握抽象行政不作为案件背后的司法理论。其次将主要阐述,当前《行政诉讼法》立法上对于抽象行政不作为的救济途径即司法上的附带审查的规定、表现出的特征以及存在的争议和原告资格存在的问题等内容,着重探究了建立抽象行政诉讼,尤其是抽象行政不作为诉讼的理论基础、现实性、紧迫性等内容。最后根据当前的立法规定,以及行政立法改革的发展趋势,表达了个人的理解和看法,像抽象行政不作为纳入行政诉讼受案范围,扩大审查范围,逐步建立附带审查为主控诉性审查为辅的审查模式、扩大审查权能,建立抽象行政公益诉讼,明确原告资格等。抽象行政行为作为管理国家的一种常态形式,无论从法治理论还是法治实践来说,都应当得到有效地监督和完善,尽管目前行政立法只是限定在了规章以外的抽象行政文件上,但相信结合我国不断发展的国情和法治状况,必将进行不断地发展,建立起抽象行政行为作为不作为之诉。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of social economy and the continuous change of social management mode, the administrative power enjoyed by the main body of state administration is also constantly expanding, and abstract administrative acts have gradually penetrated into all aspects of our lives. Naturally, for abstract administrative inaction, the cases that infringe on our legitimate rights and interests will also increase more and more, and the existing system will also increase the cases of abstract administrative omission. There is still a lack of very effective supervision, resulting in the absence of supervision. From the judicial point of view, the theoretical circle has always advocated the establishment of abstract administrative omission cases, and analyzes the theoretical basis, reality, feasibility and so on. However, the establishment of a legal system is not achieved overnight, and it needs to be "in accordance with the rules and according to local conditions". Therefore, the Administrative procedure Law of our country was amended in 2015, although the lawsuit of abstract administrative acts has not been clearly established, but it explicitly stipulates the content of judicial review of abstract administrative acts. Although for the judicial review, unfortunately, it is not included in the scope of accepting cases of administrative acts, but to a certain extent, It can also be regarded as a new trend and development of abstract administrative omission in the field of judicial litigation, and the first step in establishing the litigation system of abstract administrative act is taken. This paper first expounds the concept, constituent elements, classification and characteristics of abstract administrative omission, so that we can understand and grasp the judicial theory behind the case of abstract administrative omission. Secondly, it mainly expounds the relief way of abstract administrative omission in the legislation of Administrative procedure Law, that is, the stipulation of judicial collateral review, the characteristics and the existing disputes and the problems existing in plaintiff qualification, and focuses on the theoretical basis, reality and urgency of establishing abstract administrative litigation, especially abstract administrative omission litigation. Finally, according to the current legislative provisions and the development trend of administrative legislation reform, this paper expresses personal understanding and views, such as abstract administrative omission into the scope of accepting cases in administrative litigation, expanding the scope of examination, gradually establishing the examination mode supplemented by collateral review, expanding the power of examination, establishing abstract administrative public interest litigation, and defining the qualification of plaintiffs, etc. Abstract administrative act, as a normal form of management of the country, should be effectively supervised and improved both in terms of the theory of the rule of law and the practice of the rule of law. Although the current administrative legislation is only limited to abstract administrative documents other than regulations, it is believed that combined with the continuous development of the national conditions and the situation of the rule of law in our country, it will continue to develop and establish whether the abstract administrative act should be regarded as a lawsuit.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.3

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