美国法语境下公民福利权的证成及其启示

发布时间：2018-03-06 19:58

本文选题：美国法　切入点：宪法权利　出处：《法商研究》2014年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：宪法上的福利权在美国宪法理论与司法实践中素有争议。受美国社会心理和文化传统的影响,早期美国社会福利政策被定位为政府公共救助政策。国家福利政策的持续性推进引起了社会文化观念的变革,奠定了福利权生成之社会基础。学术纷争与法官裁判则在客观上充当着"宪法上福利权"推动者的角色,从而促进福利政策向福利权利的转变。迈克曼等学者借助罗尔斯的正义论有力地论证了福利权的宪法正当性,并从建构宪法政治对话机制的角度阐释了"宪法福利权"的宪政功能。美国法上公民福利权演变为宪法权利的进程表明,宪法福利权的创设是历史的必然。在当今中国,这项权利同样为宪法机制的良性运行所不可或缺,我们需要采取积极措施加以应对。
[Abstract]:The right to welfare in the Constitution is controversial in the theory and judicial practice of the United States Constitution. It is influenced by the social psychology and cultural tradition of the United States. The early social welfare policy of the United States was defined as the government's public assistance policy. The continuance of the national welfare policy led to the transformation of social and cultural concepts. It lays the social foundation for the formation of the right of welfare. Academic disputes and judges' adjudication act objectively as the promoters of the "constitutional right of welfare". In order to promote the change from welfare policy to welfare right, Mackman and other scholars have demonstrated the constitutional legitimacy of welfare right with Rawls' theory of justice. The constitutional function of "constitutional welfare right" is explained from the point of view of constructing constitutional political dialogue mechanism. The process that citizen welfare right evolves into constitutional right in American law shows that the creation of constitutional welfare right is a historical necessity. This right is also indispensable for the sound functioning of the constitutional system, and we need to take active measures to deal with it.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学行政法学院;
【基金】：西南政法大学青年教师学术创新团队资助项目(XZQNCXTD2013-03) 重庆市社会科学规划项目(2012BS37)
【分类号】：D971.2;DD911

【共引文献】