香港特别行政区行政长官制度问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 21:08

本文选题：香港行政长官制度　切入点：政治体制　出处：《华南理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：香港行政长官制度是香港特别行政区在“一国两制”体制下的一项重要政治制度。根据《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》（以下简称《香港基本法》或《基本法》）的原则设置与政制要求，一般认为香港的政治体制是“行政主导制”，行政长官是政治体制的核心与重要领导。但是从香港回归后至今，从目前香港政制的发展情况来看，行政长官制度并没有很好地按照《基本法》制定的初衷发挥其应有的作用，造成香港社会政治出现混乱的局面。香港行政长官制度造成实施不顺的原因有很多，从国内外的大背景方面来说，香港作为殖民地受英国统治的影响，深深地印上了资本主义的烙印。回归之后，，中国大陆的体系不能完全适用于香港，为解决这个问题，《基本法》的设置无疑是及时到位的，但仅由这些制度也并不能使香港社会乃至民众完全顺应中央的意思。行政长官既是香港特别行政区的首长，其当选又要通过中央的任命，这样的特殊地位也造成了行政长官施政面临的特殊困境。从目前香港政制的实际情况来看，行政长官执政艰难大部分是由香港立法会方面带来的阻碍，以及相关司法机关方面的影响，加之香港各党派之间的纷争，各利益团体的夺权，当然也包括行政长官自身及香港政府和行政会议方面的原因等等，这些都使香港行政长官施政严重受挫。本文从香港行政长官制度在实际运行中面临的困难思考入手，全文共分四个大部分。第一部分是香港特别行政区行政长官制度的发展脉络，从香港行政长官制度产生的历史渊源开始，分析《基本法》框架下行政长官制度的产生；第二、三部分主要研究香港特别行政区行政长官制度的法律地位，不同的是，第二章着重分析行政长官制度与中央政府的关系，在一国两制的体制下行政长官应发挥何种作用；而第三章主要分析香港行政长官制度与香港各机构的关系，包括与行政会议、与立法司法方面等。在厘清上述重要关系的基础上，文章第四部分是重点所在，通过香港行政长官制度运行的实证研究，找出问题的症结所在，深入分析内在原因，并指出相应的对策。通过此文章，笔者认为香港行政长官制度在目前存在的问题都是暂时的，并不能阻碍香港政制发展的大趋势，若能稳步解决各项问题，定能真正地发挥《基本法》所赋予行政长官制度的历史使命，进而繁荣稳定香港特区的政局。
[Abstract]:The Hongkong chief executive system is an important political system in "one country two systems" under the system of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region of People's Republic of China. According to the basic law of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region (hereinafter referred to as the "Hongkong Basic Law > > or < > the basic set of principles and constitutional requirements), is generally believed that Hongkong's political system is" administrative system, administrative executive is the core of the political system and the important leadership. But since the return of Hongkong to the far post, from the current development situation of Hongkong government, the chief executive of the system is not well in accordance with the basic law of the original intention of < > play its due role, Hongkong caused by social and political chaos.
The chief executive of Hongkong system there are many reasons for not smooth implementation, from the background at home and abroad, Hongkong as a colonial influence of British rule, deeply printed on the brand of capitalism. After the reunification, China, the system cannot be fully applicable to Hongkong, in order to solve this problem, "the Basic Law > settings it is timely, but only by these systems will not be to Hongkong society and even people completely conform to the central meaning. The chief executive is the head of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region, but also through its elected central appointment, the special status of this kind is caused by the special difficulties of the chief executive 's from the current actual situation in Hongkong. Constitutional point of view, the chief executive is the most difficult aspect of the ruling is hampered by the Hongkong Legislative Council, and the judicial organs, and between Hongkong Party School Seize the dispute, the various interest groups, including the chief executive and the Executive Council and the Hongkong government's own reason and so on, these are the chief executive of Hongkong government suffered a serious setback.
This article from the Hongkong chief executive thinking difficulties facing system in the actual operation of the full text is divided into four parts. The first part is the development of the executive system of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region, beginning of the historical origin from the Hongkong chief executive system, executive system analysis < under the basic framework of the legal status of the second, third part "; the main research of the chief executive of the Hongkong special administrative region system, is different, the second chapter focuses on the analysis of the relationship between the executive system and the central government, the chief executive in one country two systems system should play what role; and the third chapter mainly analyzes the relationship between the chief executive of Hongkong system and the Hongkong institutions, including administrative and legislative and judicial conference, and based on the above aspects. To clarify the important relationship, the fourth part is the focus of the Hongkong chief executive system running Empirical research, find out the crux of the problem, in-depth analysis of the internal causes, and point out the corresponding countermeasures.
Through this article, the author thinks that the chief executive of Hongkong system are temporary in the existing problems, and not hinder Hongkong's constitutional development trend, if the steady solution of the problems, can really play "the basic law > gives the chief executive system of the historical mission, and the prosperity and stability of Hongkong special political situation.

【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D921.9

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