论扰乱法庭秩序罪的立法完善——以法律经济学为分析视角

发布时间：2018-02-01 19:44

本文关键词： 扰乱法庭秩序罪经济分析现状完善　出处：《中国人民公安大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：设立扰乱法庭秩序罪是为了更好地维护法庭秩序,确保司法权威和司法工作人员依法开展工作。但《刑法修正案(九)》第37条对该罪的修改仍存在制度上的短板,以致司法适用非常被动。特别是:对犯罪模式列举模糊,影响到对犯罪行为的具体认定;对既遂形态没有规定统一标准,招致学界对犯罪成立范围产生质疑。用法律经济学对此类犯罪追根溯源,不难发现:在实体法方面,要按照比例原则和谦抑原则严格入罪的口径;要对"聚众哄闹、冲击法庭"的犯罪主体明确限定;要增加行为类型,单独规定兜底条款;要延展犯罪行为发生的时空,将时间由庭审扩大至庭审准备、庭审延续阶段,在空间上对"法庭"做适当扩大解释;在犯罪既遂形态上,变结果犯为情节犯,将"情节严重"确立为统一的定罪标准。在程序法方面,要适时适当赋予法官直判权,使定罪更具可操作性,在追求庭审效益最大化的同时降低成本、提高效率。
[Abstract]:The crime of disturbing the order of the court is established in order to better maintain the order of the court. To ensure the judicial authority and judicial staff work in accordance with the law. However, the amendment to the crime in Article 37 of the Criminal Law Amendment (IX) still has institutional weaknesses. As a result, judicial application is very passive. Especially: the list of criminal patterns is vague, which affects the specific identification of criminal acts; There is no uniform standard for the accomplished form, which leads the academic circles to question the scope of the crime. It is not difficult to find the source of this kind of crime by law and economics: in the aspect of substantive law. According to the principle of proportionality and modesty the principle of strict criminalization; It is necessary to clearly define the subject of the crime of "gathering a crowd to make a noise and attacking the court"; To increase the type of behavior, separate provisions; It is necessary to extend the time and space in which criminal acts occur, to extend the time from trial to trial preparation, and to extend the interpretation of "court" in space; In the form of accomplished crime, the result crime is changed into the circumstance crime, and the "serious circumstances" is established as the unified standard of conviction. In procedural law, the judge should be given the right of direct judgment in due course to make the conviction more operable. In pursuit of maximum benefit of trial at the same time reduce costs, improve efficiency.
【作者单位】：河南警察学院;
【基金】：笔者主持的国家社科基金一般项目“法律经济学视阈下的民间融资刑法规制研究”(15BFX086) 河南省高等学校重点科研项目“法律经济学视野下的民间融资犯罪规制对策研究”(15A790014)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D924.3
【正文快照】： 一、对扰乱法庭秩序行为发生原因的经济分析社会科学围绕人和人的需求展开研究,无论是经济学还是法学,假定人具有“理性”和“自利”的特质都是行为展开的逻辑前提。理性,反映了人在行为上的自主性,隐含了人对于自己的行为有思索评价的能力。自利,意味着在没有外在约束的

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