辩护人、诉讼代理人妨害作证罪完善研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 18:33

本文关键词： 辩护人毁灭证据伪造证据引诱妨害作证　出处：《贵州民族大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：刑法作为规定犯罪与刑罚的法律，有其历史性、社会性和阶级性等特征。我国刑法于1997年进行了“大修”，除了删除了诸如“反革命罪”、“流氓罪”等政治与法律界限不明显或者不符合社会发展现实的罪名外，还“与时俱进”地增加了诸多罪名，如本研究涉及的第306条关于辩护人、诉讼代理人毁灭证据、伪造证据、妨害作证罪的规定。该条规定不仅在法学理论界引起重视，在司法审判工作中也出现了对该条规定的“独特理解和解释”，既有的判例也增加了社会各界对该条规定的“疑惑”。本研究即就此问题进行探讨和阐述。本研究分为三个部分，第一部分：介绍辩护人、诉讼代理人妨害作证罪的立法背景，该罪设立之初是为了迎合1996年新刑事诉讼法和律师法关于辩护人权利增加的条款，而在该条款实践的17年以来暴露出越来越多的问题，特别是对刑事辩护律师而言，这就是一把悬在头上的利剑。从国外对该罪的相关立法规定来看，妨害司法罪的主体都是一般主体。在本研究的第二个部分中，笔者以该罪名的司法适用情况为切入点，通过图表统计来呈现该罪的适用现状。根据对第一部分该罪名的犯罪构成的分析，笔者认为该罪存在三个方面的立法问题：第一，该罪的特殊主体范围问题。在刑事诉讼中的主体除了刑事辩护人之外还包括公安、检察机关，且以其搜集证据的权力而言，其实他们更容易出现该法条指向的客观行为。第二，该罪名的客观行为界限并不明确，笔者结合案例分析论述了对该行为的定义模凌两可的现实以及由此给刑事审判带来的不利影响。第三个方面，就该罪的量刑问题通过分析统计表格的反映，该罪的量刑标准的与司法实践并不适应。本研究的第三部分从立法和司法两个层面给出完善该法条的建议。就立法层面而言，，完善对前述第二部分所提出的犯罪主体问题和客观行为立法的建议，结合国外相关法律及学理研究，完善刑法第306条的不足之处。就司法层面而言，建立律师刑事豁免制度以规制刑事诉讼活动中对刑法第306条的滥用，实现公平与效率的诉讼目的，切实维护好刑事辩护人、诉讼代理人的合法权利。
[Abstract]:The criminal law, as a law that prescribes crime and penalty, has its history. In 1997, the Criminal Law of our country carried out "overhaul", except for the removal of charges such as "counter-revolutionary crime", "hooliganism" and so on that the political and legal boundaries were not obvious or did not conform to the reality of social development. "keeping pace with the times" has also added a number of offences, such as article 306 of this study, which deals with the crime of counsel, agent ad litem destruction of evidence, falsification of evidence and obstruction of testimony. This provision not only attracts attention in the field of legal theory, In the judicial work, there is also a "unique understanding and interpretation" of this provision, and the existing jurisprudence also increases the "doubt" of the article from all walks of life. This study is to discuss and elaborate on this issue. This study is divided into three parts. The first part is to introduce the legislative background of the crime of obstruction of testimony by the defender and the agent ad litem, which was established in order to cater for the provisions of the new criminal procedure law and the lawyer law on the increase of the rights of defenders in 1996. More and more problems have been exposed in the past 17 years of practice, especially for criminal defense lawyers, which is a sword hanging over their heads. From the point of view of the relevant foreign legislation on the crime, The subject of the crime of obstruction of justice is the general subject. In the second part of this study, the author takes the judicial application of the crime as the starting point, and presents the current situation of the crime by using the chart statistics. According to the analysis of the constitution of the crime in the first part, The author thinks that there are three legislative problems in this crime: first, the special subject scope of the crime. Besides the criminal defender, the main body in the criminal procedure also includes the public security, the procuratorial organ, and in terms of its power to collect evidence. In fact, they are more likely to have the objective behavior pointed to by the law. Second, the boundaries of the objective behavior of the crime are not clear. Combined with the case analysis, the author discusses the reality of the definition of the behavior and the adverse effects on the criminal trial. Third, the author analyzes the problem of sentencing of the crime by analyzing the reflection of statistical tables. The sentencing standard of the crime is not suitable for judicial practice. In the third part of this study, the author puts forward some suggestions to perfect the article from the two aspects of legislation and judicature. As far as legislation is concerned, the suggestions on the subject of crime and the legislation of objective behavior are put forward in the second part of the study. The article 306 of the criminal law is improved by combining the research of relevant laws and theories of foreign countries. On the judicial level, the criminal immunity system of lawyers is established to regulate the abuse of article 306 of the criminal law in criminal proceedings. To realize the aim of fairness and efficiency, and to safeguard the legal rights of criminal defenders and litigants.
【学位授予单位】：贵州民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.36

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