电信欺诈的民事主体法律责任认定与承担

发布时间：2018-02-27 18:01

本文关键词： 电信欺诈民事主体责任划分　出处：《海南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的电信欺诈是一种起源于台湾地区的,借助手机、固定电话、互联网或其他各类通讯工具或平台为媒介,对于普通民众实施侵占财物行为的新型财产型侵权行为。目前,中国已成为这一新类型侵权行为的主要发生地之一。电信欺诈是一种新型的侵权形式,因其侵权行为模式千变万化,隐蔽性强、还可跨国实施,使其成为是中国经济社会发展和人民财产安全的一大威胁。进入21世纪以来,随着电子通讯信息发展的不断更新与进步,经济水平一直在持续快速的发展,国民生活水平不断提高,人民生活不断丰富,饱食暖衣我们在全面建设小康社会。然而,在中国富人和穷人之间的差距愈加巨大,当前社会经济飞速发展,随之带来的社会矛盾日益突出,这都是经济发展的衍生物。加上我国的主流价值观不断丧失,也同样导致电信欺诈行为的高发态势。造成这种新型财产型侵权行为的数量不断增长、居高不下的局面,甚至出现了很多大型的跨境电信欺诈共同侵权行为。其原因主要集中在以下几个方面:一是从立法层面上来说就是立法体系不够完善,无法适应新形势下防止电信欺诈行为的要求。二是现有法律规制效果欠佳,现如今电信欺诈行为更新换代速度极快,法律的滞后性被突显出来,同时电信欺诈侵权行为具有方式多样性与地点不确定性,更加使得预防与整治的难度不断增加。三是通信运营商、金融机构等防控体系尚不完善,相关规定存在漏洞,也给侵权行为人可乘之机。电信欺诈行为率呈现久高不下的态势,也是由该种侵权行为本身的特点决定的。首先是侵权行为的成本低,甚至只需要一部手机、电话就能够实施。其次是侵权行为无需面对面进行,隐蔽性极强,通常侵权行为人和受侵害人甚至没有见过面,仅仅是通过电脑或手机进行操作就可得逞。三是侵权行为成功率高,侵权行为人面向全社会,每一位公民都可能成为受侵害对象。从受侵害人的角度来说电信欺诈行为成功率高的主要原因是人性的弱点——贪婪,其次是法律意识淡薄、对此类侵权行为认识不足,警惕性低也是一大原因。本文以电信欺诈的概述理论出发,联系我国具体国情与实际情况,针对电信欺诈中的民事主体法律责任进行研究,探讨电信领域、金融领域等相关部门的职能作为,讨论各主体之间的联系以及自身责任的划分与承担。研究的目的是为了通过民事途径探索出电信欺诈行为预防和控制的途径,完善各大机构自身责任的认定,增加不法侵权行为成本,加大民事责任追究力度,让侵权行为人望而却步,达到预防犯罪的效果,期望能够对我国电信欺诈的防控提供参考意见。
[Abstract]:Telecommunications fraud in China is a new type of property infringement that originated in the Taiwan area and uses mobile phones, fixed telephones, the Internet or other kinds of communication tools or platforms as the medium to commit embezzlement of property against ordinary people. At present, China has become one of the main places where this new type of infringement occurs. Telecommunications fraud is a new form of infringement, because of its ever-changing pattern of infringement, its strong concealment, and its transnational implementation. Since 21th century, with the continuous updating and progress of electronic communication and information development, the economic level has been continuously and rapidly developing. The standard of living of the people is constantly improving, the people's life is constantly rich, and we are building a well-off society in an all-round way with full food and warm clothing. However, the gap between the rich and the poor in China is growing even wider, and the current social economy is developing rapidly. The resulting social contradictions are becoming increasingly prominent, both of which are derivatives of economic development. In addition, the mainstream values of our country are constantly losing. It also leads to a high incidence of telecom fraud. This new type of property infringement continues to increase in number and remains high. There have even been many large-scale joint violations of cross-border telecommunications fraud. The main reasons are as follows: first, from the legislative level, the legislative system is not perfect enough. Unable to meet the requirements of preventing telecom fraud under the new situation. Second, the existing laws and regulations are not effective enough. Nowadays, telecommunications fraud is changing very quickly, and the lag of the law is highlighted. At the same time, telecom fraud infringement has diversity of ways and uncertainty of location, which makes it more difficult to prevent and regulate. Third, communication operators, financial institutions and other prevention and control systems are not perfect, and there are loopholes in relevant regulations. It also gives the tortfeasor an opportunity to take advantage of the fact that the rate of telecommunication fraud has been high for a long time, which is also determined by the characteristics of the tort itself. First, the cost of the infringement is low, and it even needs only one mobile phone. The second is that the infringement is not face-to-face, and it is so hidden that the tortfeasor and the victim have not even seen each other. It is possible to operate only through a computer or mobile phone. Third, the successful rate of infringement is high, and the tortfeasor faces the whole society. Every citizen can be targeted. The main reason for the high success rate of telecom fraud from the victim's point of view is the weakness of human nature-greed, followed by a lack of legal awareness and a lack of awareness of such violations. Based on the general theory of telecom fraud, this paper studies the legal liability of civil subjects in telecom fraud, and discusses the field of telecommunications, according to the specific situation and actual situation of our country. The purpose of the study is to explore the ways to prevent and control telecom fraud through civil channels. To improve the identification of the responsibility of each major organization, to increase the cost of illegal tort, to increase the investigation of civil liability, to deter the tortfeasor, and to achieve the effect of crime prevention. It is expected to provide reference for the prevention and control of telecom fraud in China.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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