村官职务犯罪问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 15:21

本文选题：村官　切入点：职务犯罪　出处：《西南大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 近年来,随着农村经济的发展,村官贪污受贿、挪用公款的案件越来越多,涉及资金越来越大,社会影响也越来越恶劣,严重威胁了农村社会的稳定。针对日益严重的村官职务犯罪问题,我国刑法却规定不明：1997年刑法根本没有将村官纳入职务犯罪的主体范围；2000年通过的立法解释也只概括列举了村民委员会等村基层组织人员在从事特定的七项行为时依国家工作人员论,可以构成职务犯罪,对村基层组织还包括哪些组织,除这七项行为以外的行为能不能构成职务犯罪,不能构成职务犯罪构成什么犯罪等问题都没有规定。这一立法现状造成了司法实践中对村官职务犯罪定性不清,处罚不当的结果。笔者通过到四川省简阳市三岔镇农村进行实地调查取得的一手资料,结合学界对村官职务犯罪问题研究取得的宝贵经验,对我国村官职务犯罪问题进行了研究,以期有利于解决司法实践中出现的村官职务犯罪问题,对农村经济的发展,农村社会的稳定有所帮助。本文重新界定了村官职务犯罪主体。结合我国民间说法,并根据现有法律的规定,笔者认为,村基层组织主要包括：村自治组织、村党支部组织、村经济组织三类,并论证了将这些组织纳入职务犯罪主体范围的依据。关于村官职务犯罪的行为,由于村官从事的工作多样,在确定村官是否构成职务犯罪时,要严格区分村官从事工作的性质。本文认为,村官只有在依法从事公务时才能构成职务犯罪,在从事村自治事务和村级经营活动中,利用职务之便从事的犯罪行为,构成职务侵占罪、挪用资金罪和非国家工作人员受贿罪。本文总结了村官职务犯罪具有的主要特点,其中犯罪数量增加、涉案金额上升是村官职务犯罪的趋势所在。导致村官职务犯罪的原因是多方面的,立法不周、司法不清、执法不严是村官职务犯罪的法律原因；制度不完善引起的监督缺位、打击乏力是主要的社会原因；村官自身思想素质不高、权力意识错误是主要的主体原因。针对村官职务犯罪发生的原因,本文最后提出了三大预防对策。法律预防：加强村官职务犯罪问题的理论研究为立法提供依据；完善对村官职务犯罪构成的立法为司法提供依据；严格区分司法实践大力打击村官职务犯罪。社会预防：将村官编制化进行正规管理,进行村官在职离职审计,加强监督管理。主体预防：对村官进行思想教育,让其树立正确的价值观和权力观,从根本上保证其“不想”犯罪。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of rural economy, village officials have taken bribes and embezzled public funds more and more, involving more and more funds, and the social impact is becoming more and more bad. Has seriously threatened the stability of rural society. In view of the increasingly serious crimes committed by village officials, In 1997, the criminal law did not include village officials in the scope of the subject of duty crime. The legislative interpretation passed in 2000 only outlined the seven specific acts of village grassroots organizations such as villagers' committees. According to the theory of state functionaries, May constitute a duty crime. As to which organizations are also included in the village grass-roots organizations, can the acts other than these seven acts constitute a duty crime? There are no regulations on what kind of crime can not be constituted by duty crime. This legislative situation has resulted in unclear characterization of village official duty crime in judicial practice. The result of improper punishment. The author, through the field investigation in the rural area of Sancha Town, Jianyang City, Sichuan Province, combined with the valuable experience gained by the academic circles in the study of the crime of village officials' official duties, This paper studies the problem of village official duty crime in our country in order to solve the problem of village official duty crime in judicial practice and to help the development of rural economy and the stability of rural society. This paper redefines the subject of the crime of village official duty. According to the folk view of our country, and according to the existing law, the author thinks that the basic organization of village mainly includes three types: village autonomous organization, village party branch organization, village economic organization, etc. It also demonstrates the basis of bringing these organizations into the scope of the subject of duty crime. Regarding the behavior of village official duty crime, because the village official is engaged in many kinds of work, when determining whether the village official constitutes duty crime, it is necessary to distinguish strictly the nature of village official doing the work. Only when village officials are engaged in official duties according to law can they constitute job-related crimes. In the activities of village autonomy and village management, the crime of taking advantage of their duties constitutes the crime of duty embezzlement, misappropriation of funds and bribery of non-state functionaries. This paper summarizes the main characteristics of village official duty crime, in which the increase in the number of crimes and the increase in the amount of money involved is the trend of the village official duty crime. The reasons leading to the village official duty crime are various, the legislation is inadequate, the administration of justice is not clear. Lax enforcement of the law is the legal reason for the crime of village officials' official duties; the absence of supervision caused by imperfect system and the weakness of crackdown are the main social reasons; the village officials' own ideological quality is not high, and the main main cause is the wrong consciousness of power. In view of the causes of village official duty crime, this paper finally puts forward three major preventive countermeasures. Legal prevention: strengthening the theoretical study of village official duty crime provides the basis for legislation; Perfect the legislation on the constitution of the village official duty crime to provide the basis for the judicature; strictly distinguish the judicial practice and vigorously crack down on the village official duty crime. Strengthen supervision and management. Main body prevention: carry on the ideological education to the village officials, let them set up the correct values and the view of power, guarantee their "do not want" the crime fundamentally.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D917

【引证文献】