我国邪教组织犯罪规制完善研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 23:02

本文选题：邪教组织犯罪　切入点：规制现状　出处：《贵州民族大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来对于完善邪教组织犯罪相关规则措施的呼声越来越高，究其原因在于我国现行《刑法》及其司法解释等相关规制措施还存在不足，对于邪教组织犯罪的规制过于笼统，并且由于刑事政策领域也发生了重大的变化，而《刑法》因为其惩罚的严厉性，在情节轻微，危害不大，或者可以通过其他部门法得到更好救济情形上，不要适用《刑法》作为打击犯罪的手段，因而需要对一些法律条文相应做出调整，同时，对关于邪教组织的犯罪的立法要充分考虑到邪教组织的相关特征，比如邪教组织的反社会性、邪教组织的欺骗性，综合考虑这些要素决定定罪量刑，而不仅仅只是用犯罪构成要件符合说来定罪量刑。除此之外邪教组织犯罪刑罚的刑种较单一，没有单独规定其他附加刑，只是在适用相关法条时可以参照适用如按照诈骗罪定罪处罚适用财产刑是法条的应有之意。邪教组织犯罪在定罪量刑上虽然是按照自身行为来惩处，但是邪教组织无论是作为一个犯罪组织或者非法组织，，邪教组织的犯罪行为都有其共同之处，而且邪教组织成员实施的犯罪行为完全可能是由于内部分工不同，所以笔者认为可以将财产刑统一规定于刑法第300条中，从而也解决了关于司法解释超越立法权的难题。另外有些学者认为既然刑法第300条规定了利用邪教组织致人死亡罪而没有规定利用邪教组织致人重伤罪是不是只是注重对生命权的保护而忽略了对健康权的保护，笔者认为利用邪教致人重伤情形可以增加致人重伤罪，这不仅仅可以保持法条的连贯性，而且突出惩治邪教组织犯罪的立法态度。由于各国的国策不同，不同的国家对邪教组织犯罪采取不同的态度，因此有些邪教组织他们会在事后逃往国外逃避法律的制裁，因此有必要对涉外的邪教组织犯罪做出相应规定。最后主要是针对司法实践过程中重惩治而轻防范的行为，邪教组织犯罪中有很多组织成员是被邪教教义所洗脑的无辜老百姓，在司法实践过程中，要做好充分的思想矫正以及帮助扶持工作，不能仅仅依靠行政强制性措施。本文主要从立法及司法解释两方面探讨我国关于邪教组织的规制现状，在结合司法实践案例的基础上对邪教组织犯罪的相关规制进行分析，以及关于邪教组织犯罪的其他规制，分析我国邪教组织犯罪相关规制存在的缺陷，通过重新定义“邪教组织”，适当减少刑罚的适用范围，增加邪教组织犯罪相关立法的完备性，主要包括增加刑罚的种类，对邪教组织犯罪可全面适用财产刑，增加对涉外邪教组织犯罪的相关规定，以及对邪教组织犯罪中的诈骗罪进行分类，增加“致人重伤”的法律规定，允许邪教受害人的家属或者受害团体提起诉讼，在充分肯定我国已有的关于邪教犯罪相关规制的基础上，指出刑法在邪教犯罪立法司法规制上存在的不足，并按照罪行相适应的原则，提出相关完善及修改意见，使涉及邪教组织犯罪的规定更加完备，积极发挥刑罚的作用，为依法规制邪教组织犯罪提供更加有利的法律武器。
[Abstract]:In recent years, for the improvement of cult crime rules measures are increasing, the reason is that China's current "criminal law and its judicial interpretation and other related regulations are still inadequate, for the regulation of cult crimes are too general, and because the field of criminal policy has undergone a major change, but because of severe criminal law" the punishment, in a minor, little harm, or through other department law to get better relief situation, do not apply to the criminal law as a crime "means, so the need for some legal provisions should be adjusted at the same time, on the cult crime legislation should give full consideration to the characteristics of cult for example, cult antisocial, cult deceptive, considering these factors determine the conviction and sentencing, and not only with the constitutive elements of crime with said To convict and sentencing.
In addition to the cult crime penalty penalty is single, no separate provisions of other additional punishment, but in the application of relevant law can refer to as fraud conviction and punishment punishment for property is the real meaning of the law. The cult of organized crime in the conviction is in accordance with their own behavior to punish, but cult the organization as a criminal organization or illegal crime organization, the cult has its common crime and cult members implemented completely may be due to an internal division of labor is different, so I think it will be a unified property punishment stipulated in article 300th of the criminal law, and also solves the problem of judicial interpretation beyond legislation right. In addition, some scholars believe that since article 300th of the criminal law by the cult crime of causing death and no provision of using a cult organization to cause serious injury Does crime only focus on the protection of the right to life and neglect the protection of the right to health? I believe that the use of cult to cause serious injuries can increase the incidence of serious injury, which not only keeps the coherence of the law, but also highlights the legislative attitude to punish cult crimes.
Due to the different policies, different countries take different attitudes to the cult, so some cult they afterwards fled the country to escape legal sanction, so it is necessary to the corresponding provisions of foreign-related criminal cult made. Finally, mainly for the judicial practice process of heavy and light punishment Prevention Act, cult there are many members of the organization crime is the cult teachings of brainwashing innocent people, in the process of judicial practice, to be fully thought correction and help support the work can not rely solely on the administrative compulsory measures.
This article mainly from the legislative and judicial interpretation in two aspects to explore China's regulation of the status of a cult, cult of crime related regulation in judicial practice based on the case analysis, and other regulations on cult crime, analyzes the defects of cult crimes in China related regulation, by redefining the "cult" appropriate to reduce the scope of punishment, increase the completeness of cult crime legislation, including kinds of punishment, the cult crimes can be applied to all the property punishment, increase the relevant provisions of the foreign cult crime, as well as the cult of crime in the crime of fraud classification, increase law "causing serious injury" that allowed the families of the victims or victims of cult groups filed a lawsuit in our country has been fully affirmed the relevant regulations on cult crime On the basis, points out the problems existing in the cult crime legislation the judicial regulation of criminal law, and crime in accordance with the match principle, puts forward relevant improvement and amendments, the provisions of cult crimes involving more complete, actively play the role of punishment, to provide more favorable legal weapons for legal regulation of cult crimes.

【学位授予单位】：贵州民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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