虚假信息刑法规制的具体路径解析

发布时间：2018-03-17 06:38

本文选题：虚假信息　切入点：刑法规制　出处：《华东政法大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统刑法并不能有效规制具有严重社会危害性的虚假信息犯罪。两高《关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》(以下简称《解释》)以寻衅滋事罪来规制虚假信息犯罪也存在着争议。这意味着虚假信息的刑法规制遇到了困境,而只有解决了该困境才有利于更好地发挥刑法的应有作用。现就围绕这一困境展开梳理,并在此基础上提出一些拙见。第一章主要讨论虚假信息的刑法规制现状。在对虚假信息的刑法规制现状阐述之前,有必要明确虚假信息的内涵和特征。通过虚假信息发展现状的介绍,不仅能够发现其危害所在,而且也为刑法规制虚假信息奠定了基石。此外,通过虚假信息立法现状的介绍,引出刑法有必要对虚假信息进行规制,而且存在着规制不足的问题。同时,也对虚假信息犯罪的行为模式进行了梳理。第二章对刑法规制虚假信息的法理基础、原则和界限要求加以论述。首先,刑法规制虚假信息的法理基础在于编造、传播虚假信息的行为具有法益侵害性、刑事违法性和应受刑罚惩罚性。其次,刑法规制虚假信息需要遵循罪责刑相适应原则、主客观相一致原则和刑法谦抑性原则。最后,刑法规制虚假信息也需要明确一定的界限,即需要遵循罪刑法定原则的要求、言论自由权的保障要求和网络谣言的危害程度要求。第三章对现有虚假信息刑法规制手段的具体运用进行解析,这是全文的一个重点。首先,对《两高》解释第五条进行了解读,主要侧重于探究以寻衅滋事罪规制虚假信息的合理性,并从四个方面进行论证:其中,两高《解释》第五条第二款中所援引的两个公共场所应进行不同的解读,第一个公共场所是传播学意义上的公共场所,可以将虚拟空间囊括其中,而第二个公共场所则是秩序意义上的公共场所,仅指现实社会中的公共场所。造成公共秩序严重混乱只能是造成现实社会中公共秩序的混乱,毕竟网络空间秩序的破坏唯有计算机犯罪才能造成,而且以公共秩序替代公共场所秩序未免有失偏颇。同时,还对情节恶劣和公共秩序严重混乱的标准进行了阐述。其次,通过两高《解释》的解读,发现其存在不足之处,难以合理有效地规制编造、传播虚假信息的行为,因而,也就需要进一步修正。其中,修改“编造、故意传播虚假恐怖信息罪”以及增设“编造、传播虚假信息罪”便是对两高《解释》进行修正所作出的回应。《刑法修正案(九)(草案)》站在了增设新罪名的立场上,只是该罪名存在着更为妥当的罪状表述以及要处理好虚假信息罪与罪之间的关系。
[Abstract]:The traditional criminal law can not effectively regulate the crime of false information which has serious social harmfulness. Two High School's explanation on the Application of Law to Defamation and other Criminal cases using Information Network (hereinafter referred to as "interpretation"). It is also controversial to regulate the crime of false information with the crime of provoking trouble, which means that the criminal regulation of false information has encountered difficulties. Only when the dilemma is solved can the criminal law play its due role better. The first chapter mainly discusses the current situation of criminal law regulation of false information. It is necessary to clarify the connotation and characteristics of false information. Through the introduction of the present situation of false information, we can not only find its harm, but also lay the foundation for the criminal law to regulate false information. It is necessary to regulate the false information in the criminal law, and there is insufficient regulation. At the same time, it also combs the behavior pattern of the crime of false information. The second chapter discusses the legal basis of the regulation of the false information in the criminal law. First of all, the legal basis of criminal law regulation of false information lies in fabricating, spreading false information has legal interests infringement, criminal illegality and should be punished. The regulation of false information in criminal law should follow the principle of adaptation of crime and punishment, the principle of consistency between subjective and objective, and the principle of modesty of criminal law. Finally, the regulation of false information by criminal law also needs to define certain limits, that is, to follow the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime. The third chapter analyzes the concrete application of the existing criminal law regulation means of false information, which is a key point of the full text. In this paper, the author interprets 5th articles of the interpretation of "the two High levels", mainly focusing on the rationality of regulating false information in the crime of seeking quarrels and causing trouble, and proves from four aspects: among them, The two public places cited in the second paragraph of Article 5th of the two High levels should be interpreted differently. The first public place is a public place in the sense of communication, which can include virtual space. The second public place is a public place in the sense of order, which only refers to the public place in the real society. Causing serious confusion in public order can only lead to the chaos of public order in the real society. After all, the destruction of cyberspace order can only be caused by computer crime, and it is biased to replace public order with public order. Through the interpretation of the "interpretation of the two High levels", it is found that there are shortcomings in it, and it is difficult to regulate the behavior of fabricating and disseminating false information reasonably and effectively. Therefore, it is also necessary to further revise. The crime of intentionally disseminating false terrorist information "and the addition of" the crime of fabricating and disseminating false information "are the responses to the amendments to the" interpretation "of the two higher levels." the "Criminal Law Amendment (draft)" stands on the standpoint of adding new charges. However, there exists a more appropriate description of the crime and the relationship between the crime of false information and the crime.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.3

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