浅析虐童行为的刑法规制

发布时间：2018-04-17 02:00

本文选题：虐待罪 + 虐童罪　；参考：《上海师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文通过分析国外的立法例并且结合我国现实状况对虐童行为进行了新的分析,通过一般性规定与列举的方法对虐童行为进行了界定。即(任何人)对儿童肉体或者精神实施的损害儿童人身权利、民主权利的情节恶劣的行为,对虐童行为的特征与类型进行了进一步分析。对频发的虐童事件,不同的人有不同的观点。有人认为社会危害性不大,运用行政手段即可规制；有人认为虐童造成的严重程度足以达到刑法的规制程度,提倡虐童入刑或者完善刑法的规定等。已曝光的轻微虐童行为可以用行政手段来惩罚：严重危害社会的行为超出行政法范围,进而纳入刑法的规制,其中可能涉及的罪名有虐待罪、故意伤害罪、遗弃罪、侮辱罪、寻衅滋事罪等。这些罪名可以适用于一些虐童行为,如教师虐待婴儿情节严重的,达到轻伤以上的损害结果时,可以适用故意伤害罪来定罪处罚;还有一些虐童行为面临着无法解决的困境,如温岭虐童案,翻遍刑法没有一个恰当的可以适用的罪名,因而提出虐童入刑的命题。文章从保护未成年人合法权益的立法传统、刑法保护法益不完整性、虐童行为符合犯罪基本特征以及虐童案件的频发来论证虐童入刑的必要性。在肯定虐童入刑的同时从三条路径探讨具体条款设置,其一、在现行刑法条文中增设虐童罪,规定其为行为犯,并且分析了其竞合情形‘下的解决途径,但是增设虐童罪与刑法的谦抑性政策与基本精神相违背,不宜采用此路径。其二、增加虐待特殊人员罪,有其合理性,但是造成刑法适用的混乱、刑法体系的庞杂、加重司法负担等,也不宜采用。其三,较为可行的方法——修改《刑法》第260条的规定,修改后的虐待罪主体包括家庭成员与非家庭成员,并且以告诉处理为原则,以公诉为例外的方式,同时加重虐待罪法定刑,发挥刑法在保护人们人身权利、民主权利的的应有作用。不仅虐童行为可以迎刃而解,同样可以解决虐待老人、虐待精神病人、虐待残疾人等难题,也符合刑法的基本精神与基本政策。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the legislation of foreign countries and combines with the reality of our country to make a new analysis of child abuse behavior, and defines child abuse behavior by means of general provisions and enumerations.That is to say, the behavior of harming children's physical or mental rights and democratic rights, and the characteristics and types of child abuse are further analyzed.Different people have different views on frequent child abuse.Some people think that the harm of society is not great and can be regulated by administrative means; others think that the severity caused by child abuse is enough to reach the level of regulation of criminal law, advocating the punishment of child abuse or perfecting the provisions of criminal law, etc.The minor child abuse that has been exposed can be punished by administrative means: serious harm to the society beyond the scope of administrative law, and then into the regulation of criminal law, which may involve the crime of abuse, intentional injury, abandonment, insult,A crime of provoking trouble, etcThese offences can be applied to child abuse, such as serious cases of child abuse by teachers, which can be convicted and punished by intentional injury if the result of the injury is more than minor, and some of the child abuse acts face difficulties that cannot be solved.Such as Wenling child abuse case, there is no appropriate criminal law applicable to the criminal law, so the proposition of child abuse is put forward.This paper demonstrates the necessity of child abuse from the legislative tradition of protecting the lawful rights and interests of minors, the incomplete interests of criminal law protection law, the basic characteristics of child abuse and the frequent occurrence of child abuse cases.While affirming the punishment of child abuse, this paper probes into the specific provisions from three ways. First, the author adds the crime of child abuse to the existing criminal law, and defines it as an act offense, and analyzes the solution under the situation of competing.However, the addition of child abuse crime and the modest policy of criminal law is contrary to the basic spirit, so it is not appropriate to adopt this path.Second, it is reasonable to increase the crime of mistreatment of special personnel, but the confusion of criminal law application, the complexity of criminal law system and the increase of judicial burden should not be adopted.Third, the more feasible method is to amend the provisions of Article 260 of the Criminal Law. The subject of the amended crime of maltreatment includes family members and non-family members, and takes the principle of telling and handling as the principle and the public prosecution as the exception.At the same time, the legal punishment of the crime of mistreatment is aggravated, and the criminal law plays its due role in protecting people's personal and democratic rights.Not only child abuse can be solved, but also the problems of elder abuse, mental abuse and disability abuse can be solved, which is in line with the basic spirit and policy of criminal law.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.34;D922.1

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