宽严相济视角下刑法的刑事政策化探析

发布时间：2018-04-28 09:33

本文选题：宽严相济 + 刑事政策　；参考：《天津商业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：刑事政策思想有着悠久的历史渊源和司法实践,就我国而言,西周的“矜老恤幼”、盛唐的“亲亲相隐”、宋代的“重典治盗贼”以及明朝的“轻其轻罪、重其重罪”都在一定的社会时期扮演着刑事政策的角色。现代“刑事政策”自费尔巴哈语出,经李斯特复兴,到新社会防卫运动,已然在广义的刑事法律的殿堂中占据了一席之地。在现代法治背景之下,对于刑事政策与刑法规范之间互动关系的探讨是刑法规范得以发展、完善和刑事政策得以贯彻、与时俱进而不可逃避的话题。在明确刑法刑事政策化内涵的前提下,以宽严相济这一时下具体的刑事政策为视角,探寻早期宽严相济刑事政策对刑法的影响,在刑法规范内容的流变之中,揭示宽严相济刑事政策在刑法修正中的体现,摸索刑法与刑事政策相济的径路,以期能够为今后的理论探讨和实践操作中的刑法的刑事政策化进程添砖加瓦。本文的研究共分为五个部分:前言部分主要交代了文章的写作背景、选题意义、研究现状以及想要通过文章所要揭示的现象和试图解决的问题。第一章“刑法刑事政策化界定与宽严相济刑事政策提出”。首先简要总结了国内刑事政策的研究现状,然后从理论基础和文义表达侧重两个方面进行分析,得出“刑法刑事政策化”这一表达的内涵更符合讨论语境,因此取之作为本文表达的需要以及应当舍弃“刑事政策刑法化”的表达,从而达至学界研究话语的统一。接着简要追溯了“刑事政策”与“宽严相济刑事政策”的源起。从语义学的角度,对“宽严相济”一词中的“宽”、“严”、“相济”三个词组的字面含义进行了细致的剖析,提出对于“宽与严”之真意的理解和把握应当回归刑法规范的比较之中。第二章“早期宽严相济刑事政策对刑法的影响”。早期宽严相济刑事政策对刑法的影响体现在抽象影响和具体影响两个方面:抽象影响方面,刑法的稳定性所导致的滞后与刑事政策的灵活性所带来的不确定得以消解,刑法的规范性与刑事政策的价值性得以调和;具体影响方面,以早期的“惩办与宽大相结合”的刑事政策和“严打”的刑事政策为切入点,分析了各个时期刑事政策对刑法规范的具体影响。为宽严相济刑事政策下刑法的刑事政策化提供了理论的和现实的基础。第三章“刑法修正中宽严相济刑事政策的体现”。本章回归到本世纪初提出宽严相济刑事政策之后的具体刑法规范,着重于刑法规范的文本分析和内容表达上,运用具体的刑法条文和一目了然的图表形式,分“刑法修正中宽的面相”、“刑法修正中严的面相”和“刑法修正中相济的面相”三个方面来从刑法规范内容的变化中揭示宽严相济视角下刑法刑事政策化在刑法修正中的体现。其中“宽的面相”包括死刑罪名的消减、老幼两类人群的宽缓处遇;“严的面相”涵盖罪名的增加、罚金刑、单位犯扩大适用;“相济的面相”则包含刑法规范整体的宏观方面和具体罪名、制度的微观方面等。第四章“刑法与刑事政策的相济路径”。本章包含四个部分,刑法的刑事政策化之限度、刑法的刑事政策化之研究范式、刑法的刑事政策化之具体路径和破除刑法依赖的展望。在第一部分中:一是刑法不应当无限的刑事政策化,否则会模糊刑法与刑事政策二者的界限;二是刑法刑事政策化的内涵是随着社会发展需要而发展变化的;三是刑法刑事政策化与刑法谦抑并不冲突。第二部分探讨了研究宽严相济下刑法刑事政策化的方法论,提出宽严相济刑事政策仍会在今后较长时间内存续,以及应当秉持“刑事一体化”的研究方法。第三部分指出了宽严相济下刑法刑事政策化的四条具体路径:继续合理、适当地以渐进的方式消减死刑罪名的数量;建立罚金刑易科的刑事处罚制度;理性认识罪名的适当增加是社会发展的需要;做好轻刑与重刑的衔接,使刑罚布局更加合理。当然,路径的选择仍需继续发掘与完善。最后一部分,则是用发展的眼光,表达了笔者对于刑法发展的思考,也即破除对刑法规范的依赖,努力寻求综合的社会调整手段。结语部分则是对全文的总结,从刑事政策在刑法规范中现象的描述到结论的得出再到提出的几点不成熟的思考,同时针对本研究指出其中尚未解决的问题和存在的不足之处,表达对下一步研究的期望,望引起更多的探讨而略有益于同仁和学界。
[Abstract]:The thought of criminal policy has a long historical origin and judicial practice. In our country, the "old and the young" in the Western Zhou Dynasty, the "intimate relatives of the Tang Dynasty", the "burglars" in the Song Dynasty and the "light misdemeanor and serious crime" in the Ming Dynasty all played the role of criminal policy in a certain social period. In the language of Baja, the rejuvenation of Lester and the new social defense movement have occupied a place in the palace of the broad sense of criminal law. Under the background of modern rule of law, the discussion of the interaction between criminal policy and criminal law is the development of criminal law norms, the completion of good and criminal policy, the progress of the times and the unflee. On the premise of defining the connotation of criminal criminal policy of criminal law, with the perspective of the specific criminal policy of tempering the criminal law as a visual angle, this paper explores the influence of the early criminal policy of tempering and leniency on the criminal law, and reveals the embodiment of the criminal policy in the criminal law amendment, and explores the criminal and criminal policies. This paper is divided into five parts: the preface mainly deals with the writing background, the significance of the topic, the status of the research, the phenomena to be revealed through the article and the problems to be solved. The first chapter, "criminal policy definition of criminal law and the criminal policy of tempering leniency with mercy". First, a brief summary of the research status of domestic criminal policy is briefly summarized, and then two aspects are analyzed from the theoretical basis and the expression of literary meaning. The conclusion is that the expression of "criminal policy of criminal law" is more consistent with the context of discussion. Therefore, it is taken as this article. The needs of the expression and the expression of "criminal policy criminalization" should be abandoned, thus reaching the unity of the academic research discourse. Then the origin of "criminal policy" and "Leniency criminal policy" is traced briefly. From the perspective of semantics, the words "wide", "strict" and "tempered" in the word "Leniency" are the three words of the word "Leniency". The second chapter "the influence of the early leniency of leniency in criminal policy on the criminal law". The influence of early leniency on criminal law on the criminal law is embodied in two aspects: the influence and the specific influence of the criminal law: Abstract shadow On the other hand, the uncertainty caused by the stability of criminal law and the flexibility of criminal policy can be eliminated, the normalization of criminal law and the value of criminal policy can be reconciled, and the specific impact of the criminal policy and the criminal policy of "combining punishment with Leniency" and the "severe" criminal policy as the breakthrough point, analysis the various aspects of the specific influence. The specific influence of criminal policy on the criminal code of the period provides a theoretical and realistic basis for the criminal policy of the criminal law under the criminal policy of tempering leniency. The third chapter, "the embodiment of criminal policy amendment to the criminal law in the criminal law amendment". This chapter returns to the specific criminal code after the criminal policy of tempering leniency in the early years of this century. In the text analysis and content expression of the code of criminal law, the criminal law is revealed from three aspects of "the face of the amendment of the criminal law", "the face of the amendment of the criminal law" and "the face of the amendment of the criminal law" from the changes of the standard of criminal law. The "broad face" includes the reduction of the crime of death penalty, the broad and gentle place of the two groups of old and young people, the "strict face" covers the increase of the crime, the penalty, the expansion of the application of the unit offenders, and the micro aspects of the regulation of the criminal law, and the micro aspects of the system. The fourth chapter, "the economic path of criminal law and criminal policy". This chapter contains four parts, the limit of criminal policy of criminal law, the research paradigm of criminal policy of criminal law, the concrete path of criminal policy and the prospect of breaking down the dependence of criminal law in criminal law. The boundary between the two parties of the criminal law and the criminal policy is blurred; the two is that the connotation of criminal policy of criminal law is developed and changed with the need of social development; three is the criminal policy of criminal law and the modesty of criminal law. The second part discusses the theory of the criminal policy of criminal law under the mercy of leniency, and the criminal policy of tempering justice with leniency is still in the present time. After a long period of time, the third part points out four specific ways of criminal policy of criminal law: to continue reasonable, to reduce the number of death penalty appropriately in a gradual way, to establish the criminal penalty system of the fine criminal, and to rationally recognize the appropriate crime. The increase is the need of social development and the connection between light and heavy sentences makes the layout of the penalty more reasonable. Of course, the choice of the path still needs to be further explored and perfected. In the last part, the author's thinking on the development of the criminal law is expressed by the vision of development, that is, to eliminate the dependence on the penalty law and to seek a comprehensive social adjustment. The conclusion part is a summary of the full text, from the description of the criminal policy in the criminal code to the conclusion of the conclusion to some immature thinking. At the same time, it points out the unsolved problems and shortcomings in this study, and expresses the expectation of the next step of research, which is expected to cause more discussion and slightly beneficial to the study. Colleagues and academics.

【学位授予单位】：天津商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924

【参考文献】