论陕甘宁边区刑事政策的转变及影响

发布时间：2018-05-13 07:58

本文选题：陕甘宁边区 + 刑事政策　；参考：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：刑事政策是一个国家应对犯罪，惩治社会危害行为的基本原则与方法，在一个国家的刑事法律体系中占有十分重要的位置，它决定了这个国家在刑事立法和刑罚处罚上的基本尺度。自上世纪80年代开始，我国进入了一个社会急剧转型的特殊历史时期，特别是近10年来，各种新情况、新问题对我国刑事政策的研究和制订提出了更多、更高的要求。对待这一特定时期的刑事政策，无论是对其进行研究调整，还是对调整后的政策加以推行，我们都必须抱着科学严谨的态度展开，而以史为鉴，去粗存精正是这一科学态度的最佳体现。陕甘宁边区作为我党建国前的政治、经济和文化中心，在10多年的发展过程中，不仅为建国后各项工作的开展积累了大量宝贵经验，在刑事政策方面更是对当前转型时期的中国社会有着非同一般的借鉴作用，非常值得我们进行深入研究。本文以陕甘宁边区的刑事政策为研究对象，通过查阅大量文献资料并结合对比与数据分析的方法，力图找出边区政府在刑事政策制订及执行上的特点和不足，为我国当前社会刑事政策的转型发展提供可靠依据。文章首先介绍了陕甘宁边区刑事政策转变的历史及理论背景，明确了刑事政策与社会转型的内在联系，为后文展开论述做好了铺垫。接下来，文章通过与土地革命时期刑事政策的对比引出陕甘宁边区以“教育感化”为基本思想的“轻刑化”刑事政策的转变，并对其创新之处做了简要概括。文章第二部分是对陕甘宁边区刑事政策转型的基本内容及贯彻情况进行全面阐述，详细介绍了边区刑事政策在思想和内容上的巨大转变，对提出“法律面前人人平等”、“区别对待”、“轻刑化”等进步思想的刑事政策给予了充分肯定。文章在第三部分中对陕甘宁边区刑事政策的特点进行了分析，指出边区刑事政策既有其时代合理性，又存在着诸如刑事政策过于轻缓化，政策的执行中政治色彩浓重等问题，文章特别提到边区在刑事政策两极化方面的初步探索，为今后我国两极化刑事政策的展开、推进提供了宝贵的实践经验。文章最后部分是关于陕甘宁边区刑事政策的历史地位和现实借鉴问题。文中首先指出陕甘宁边区的刑事政策无论对当年还是现在都有十分重要的指导意义。而后针对我国当前正处于社会变革这一特殊历史时期的基本情况，文章一方面提出既要充分吸收边区刑事政策中的优点和长处，科学合理的对我国当前刑事政策进行积极转型，坚持“宽严相济”的基本刑事政策方针。另一方面对于边区刑事政策中的不足和教训也必须引以为鉴，避免刑事政策单极化等问题的重现。文章最后指出，只有充分以史为鉴，顺应历史发展潮流，严格贯彻“宽严相济，，以宽为主”的基本刑事政策，才是陕甘宁边区刑事政策给我们带来的主要精髓所在。
[Abstract]:Criminal policy is the basic principle and method for a country to deal with crime and punish social harm. It occupies a very important position in the criminal law system of a country. It determines the basic measure of the country's criminal legislation and penalties. Since the 1980s, China has entered a special historical period of rapid social transformation, especially in the past 10 years, various new situations and new problems have put forward more and higher requirements for the study and formulation of our criminal policy. In dealing with the criminal policy of this particular period, whether it is to carry out research or adjustment or to carry out the adjusted policy, we must carry out it with a scientific and rigorous attitude, and learn from history. The best manifestation of this scientific attitude is to degrade the crude essence. The Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, as the political, economic and cultural center of our Party before the founding of the people's Republic of China, has not only accumulated a great deal of valuable experience in the course of more than 10 years of development, In the aspect of criminal policy, Chinese society in the current transition period has a special reference, which is worth our in-depth study. Taking the criminal policy of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region as the research object, this paper tries to find out the characteristics and shortcomings of the border region government in the formulation and implementation of the criminal policy by consulting a large amount of literature and combining the method of comparison and data analysis. To provide a reliable basis for the transformation and development of our current social criminal policy. The article first introduces the historical and theoretical background of the transformation of the criminal policy in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningxia Border region, clarifies the internal relationship between the criminal policy and the social transformation, and lays the groundwork for the later discussion. Next, the article draws the transformation of "light punishment" criminal policy in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border region by comparing with the criminal policy in the period of Agrarian Revolution, and makes a brief summary of its innovation. The second part of the article is a comprehensive description of the basic content and implementation of the transformation of criminal policy in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, introducing in detail the tremendous changes in the thinking and content of the criminal policy in the Border region, and proposing that "everyone is equal before the law". "differential treatment", "light punishment" and other progressive thought of criminal policy has been fully affirmed. In the third part, the author analyzes the characteristics of the criminal policy in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, and points out that the criminal policy in the Border region has not only its time rationality, but also some problems, such as too light criminal policy, strong political color in the implementation of the policy, and so on. The paper especially mentions the preliminary exploration of the polarization of criminal policy in the border region, which provides valuable practical experience for the development and promotion of the criminal policy of polarization in China. The last part of the article is about the historical position and practical reference of the criminal policy in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia Border region. The article first points out that the criminal policy of Shaanxi-Kansu-Ningxia Border region has very important guiding significance for both then and now. Then, in view of the basic situation that our country is currently in the special historical period of social transformation, on the one hand, the article puts forward that we should absorb the advantages and advantages of the criminal policy of the border region, and make a positive transformation of the current criminal policy of our country scientifically and reasonably. Adhere to the basic criminal policy of "combining leniency and strict punishment." On the other hand, we must learn from the shortcomings and lessons of the criminal policy in the border region, and avoid the recurrence of the problem of criminal policy unipolarity. Finally, the article points out that the main essence of the criminal policy of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region is to learn from history, to conform to the trend of historical development, to strictly carry out the basic criminal policy of "combining leniency with severity and giving priority to leniency".
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924

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