没收违法所得特别刑事程序研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 07:41

本文选题：特别刑事程序 + 贪污贿赂犯罪　；参考：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：没收违法所得特别程序是指在贪污贿赂犯罪、恐怖活动犯罪等重大犯罪案件中，犯罪嫌疑人、被告人死亡、逃匿的情况下，经人民检察院向法院申请，依照法定程序没收其违法所得及其他涉案财产。该程序弥补了之前法律对于犯罪嫌疑人、被告人死亡、逃匿后对其财产处理的漏洞与不足，是对我国现有法律体系完善的有益探索和实践，保证任何违法者不得从其违法行为中获益，同时，为我国司法机关向他国请求协助提供了依据，也为司法机关对违法所得的追缴扫除了障碍，彰显了国家打击腐败犯罪的坚定决心，一定程度上实现了社会正义。由于法律规范尚有不足，没收违法所得特别程序存在适用条件不规范、适用范围过于狭窄、没收对象中对孳息的范围认定不明、救济措施不完善等问题，尤其是没收违法所得特别程序的证明规则模糊不清，其应当适用普通刑事诉讼中普通证明规则，还是应当作为特别程序适用特别的证明规则，法律缺乏的明确规定。相比于外国刑事诉讼中对违法财产的处置程序，，在程序的启动，程序的适用范围，没收的对象以及证明标准上都有许多值得我们借鉴和学习的地方。因此我国在适用没收违法所得特别程序的过程中，应当通过保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的抗辩权以及申诉权来加强对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的保护，在程序的具体设计上，应当明确没收违法所得特别程序的适用条件，适当拓宽没收违法所得特别程序的适用范围，同时针对没收违法所得特别程序不同的没收对象实行不同的没收原则，明确没收违法所得特别程序的证明规则，根据证明对象的不同采取二元化的证明责任和证明标准，以达到对没收违法所得特别程序的完善和合理使用。
[Abstract]:The special procedure for confiscation of illegal proceeds means that in major criminal cases such as embezzlement, bribery, terrorist activities, and other major criminal cases, when a criminal suspect or defendant dies or escapes from hiding, he shall apply to the court by the people's Procuratorate. His illegal gains and other property involved in the case shall be confiscated in accordance with legal procedures. This procedure has made up for the loopholes and deficiencies of the previous law in dealing with the property of criminal suspects and defendants after they have died, and is a useful exploration and practice for the perfection of the existing legal system of our country. Ensuring that no violator may benefit from the violation of the law, at the same time providing a basis for our judicial organs to request assistance from other countries and removing obstacles to the recovery of illegal proceeds by the judicial authorities, Demonstrates the country's firm determination to combat corruption, to a certain extent to achieve social justice. Due to the lack of legal norms, the special procedures for confiscation of illegal income have some problems, such as non-standard conditions of application, too narrow scope of application, unclear identification of the scope of fruits in confiscation objects, imperfect relief measures, and so on. In particular, the rules of proof of the special procedures for confiscation of illegal gains are ambiguous, and should they be applied to the ordinary rules of proof in ordinary criminal proceedings, or should they be applied as special rules of proof by special procedures, which are not clearly stipulated in the law. Compared with the disposal procedure of illegal property in foreign criminal proceedings, there are a lot of places that we should learn from and learn from in the starting of the procedure, the scope of application of the procedure, the object of confiscation and the standard of proof. Therefore, in the course of applying the special procedure of confiscation of illegal proceeds, our country should strengthen the protection of criminal suspects and defendants through the protection of criminal suspects, defendants' right of defense and the right of appeal, and the specific design of the procedures. The conditions for the special procedure for the confiscation of illegal proceeds should be clarified, the scope of application of the special procedure for the confiscation of illegal proceeds should be broadened as appropriate, and different confiscation principles should be applied to different confiscation objects of the special procedure for the confiscation of illegal proceeds, In order to achieve the perfect and reasonable use of the special procedure for confiscation of illegal income, the proof rules of special procedure for confiscation of illegal income should be made clear, and dualistic burden of proof and standard of proof should be adopted according to the different object of proof.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.1

【参考文献】