边缘刑事受害人权利保护研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 20:19

本文选题：边缘刑事受害人 + 保护　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文的边缘刑事受害人是指精神利益因被害人或被告人的人身权利基于犯罪行为受损而遭受损害的被告人或被害人的近亲属、被抚养人及其他利害关系人。其可以分为被害人一方边缘刑事受害人和被告人一方边缘刑事受害人。被告人一方边缘刑事受害人是基于犯罪行为的法律结果产生的,被害人一方边缘刑事受害人是基于犯罪行为的事实结果产生的。刑法的功能不应该仅仅是着眼于罪与罚,更应该注重已破坏的社会秩序的恢复和罪犯的社会回归。伴随着恢复犯罪被害人权利运动的兴起,结合我国建立和谐社会的需要,恢复性刑事司法模式在我国逐步建立,广泛的刑法目标进入了我国刑法目的的范畴,刑法的恢复性目的得到凸显。名不正,则言不顺。法律之所以得到人们的普遍遵守,就是因为它有很强的正当性基础。保护边缘刑事受害人的正当性基础就是保护边缘刑事受害人的合于法、合于理的基础,笔者从哲学基础、法理基础、法律基础和事实基础四个方面对保护边缘刑事受害人的正当性基础作了简要研究。边缘刑事受害人保护尚处于摸索阶段,应该在坚持刑法对其进行保护的基础之上,给予边缘刑事受害人需要保护与否的自主选择权,建立边缘刑事受害人自愿原则。边缘刑事受害人保护虽有其特殊性,但刑法应立足平衡刑事案件利害关系网中多方当事人之间的利益,和谐解决刑事纠纷,所以在保证边缘刑事受害人能够自主之后,笔者紧接着就提出了平等保护与特殊保护相结合的原则。最后在保护边缘刑事受害人实践这一块,为了保证有关部门能够切实落实,笔者建议强化有关部门义务,规定事前、事中与事后相结合的原则。对于边缘刑事受害人保护的主要内容,笔者以边缘刑事受害人寻求刑法救济的步骤为框架,认为其首先享有知情权,即知悉信息的权利;其次是其核心权利,即受损权益可以依法获取救济、享有参与诉讼的权利;最后为了保证上述权利能够有效实施,应赋予边缘刑事受害人可以申请援助的辅助性权利。为了保护边缘刑事受害人的权利,通过前文的理论铺垫,笔者在坚持边缘刑事受害人自愿原则、平等保护与特殊保护相结合原则以及事前、事中和事后保护相结合原则的指导下,以保护边缘刑事受害人知悉信息的权利、参与诉讼的权利和申请援助的权利为主要内容,借鉴域外保护刑事被害人的经验之后,认为应该从刑罚保护、刑事政策与制度保护和诉讼法保护三个方面入手,全面落实边缘刑事受害人的保护问题。
[Abstract]:The marginal criminal victim of this article refers to the defendant or the close relatives of the victim, dependant and other interested parties whose mental interests are damaged by the personal rights of the victim or the defendant based on the criminal act. It can be divided into one side of the victim side of the edge of the criminal victim and the defendant side of the edge of the criminal victim. The criminal victim at the edge of the defendant is based on the legal result of the criminal act, and the criminal victim on the edge of the victim is based on the factual result of the criminal act. The function of criminal law should not only focus on crime and punishment, but also on the restoration of broken social order and the social return of criminals. With the rise of the movement to restore the rights of the victims of crime and the need to establish a harmonious society in our country, the restorative criminal justice model has been gradually established in our country, and the extensive criminal law objective has entered the scope of the criminal law purpose of our country. The restorative purpose of criminal law is highlighted. If the name is not right, then the words are not right. The reason why the law is generally observed is that it has a strong legitimacy basis. The legitimate foundation of protecting the marginal criminal victim is the basis of protecting the marginal criminal victim's conformity law and principle, the author from the philosophical foundation, the legal theory foundation, the author from the philosophy foundation, the legal theory foundation, The legal basis and the factual basis of four aspects of the protection of marginal criminal victims of the legitimacy of the basis of a brief study. The protection of the marginal criminal victim is still in the groping stage. On the basis of insisting on the criminal law to protect the victim, the author should give the marginal criminal victim the right to choose whether he needs protection or not, and establish the voluntary principle of the marginal criminal victim. Although the protection of marginal criminal victims has its particularity, the criminal law should be based on balancing the interests of the multiple parties in the criminal case network, and resolve the criminal disputes harmoniously. So, after ensuring the autonomy of the marginal criminal victims, Then the author puts forward the principle of equal protection and special protection. Finally, in order to ensure the implementation of the relevant departments, the author suggests to strengthen the obligations of the relevant departments and to stipulate the principle of combining the prior, the matter and the afterwards in the practice of protecting the marginal criminal victims. For the main content of the protection of marginal criminal victims, the author takes the steps of seeking criminal law relief for the marginal criminal victims as the framework, and thinks that they first enjoy the right to know, that is, the right to know information, and the second is their core right. That is to say, the injured rights and interests can obtain relief according to law and enjoy the right to participate in the proceedings. Finally, in order to ensure the above rights can be effectively implemented, the marginal criminal victims should be given the auxiliary right to apply for assistance. In order to protect the rights of the marginal criminal victims, the author insists on the voluntary principle of marginal criminal victims, the principle of combining equal protection with special protection and the principle of beforehand. Under the guidance of the principle of combination of incident and ex post protection, and taking the protection of the right of marginal criminal victims to know information, the right to participate in proceedings and the right to apply for assistance as the main content, and after learning from the experience of extraterritorial protection of criminal victims, The author thinks that the protection of marginal criminal victims should be carried out from three aspects: penalty protection, criminal policy and system protection and procedural law protection.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.1

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