论我国食品安全犯罪的刑事政策

发布时间：2018-05-25 13:45

本文选题：食品安全 + 犯罪　；参考：《华侨大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国食品安全犯罪的刑事政策特点是“厉而不严”。“厉”体现在刑法对食品安全犯罪的规制采用重至死刑的重刑主义,政府对食品安全的监管采用运动式的执法方式;“不严”则体现在刑法对食品安全的保护不严密,政府对食品安全的监管也不严格,存在漏洞,各级各部门之间工作不协调,食品检验检测制度不完善,食品检验检测技术相对落后,社会和公众对食品安全问题的担心有余,关心不够,参与预防和制止食品安全犯罪的积极性不高,企业保护消费者利益的自觉性不强,这也是近几年来食品安全事件频发、屡禁不止的重要原因。因此,我们应当对当前的食品安全犯罪刑事政策进行反思,寻求有效遏制食品安全问题的措施和对策。本文对我国食品安全犯罪的刑事政策进行了分析,并就如何对其加以完善进行了探讨。首先,本文对食品、食品安全、食品安全犯罪概念进行分析和界定,采用了犯罪学的食品安全犯罪概念。并按主体的不同将危害食品安全的类型划分为食品生产经营者、食品检验者和食品监管者危害食品安全的行为,还描述了我国食品安全犯罪的现状,列举了近年所发生的食品安全典型案例,分析了食品安全犯罪的危害性。其次,本文分析了我国食品安全犯罪刑法规制的现状与不足,并对刑事政策的概念加以界定,采用了广义的刑事政策概念,所谓的刑事政策,即在党和国家的领导下,由党和国家制定和实施,在社会的共同参与下,对一切犯罪行为、违法行为以及越轨行为采取的防范、控制和惩罚措施、方法、方针、对策等。阐述了运用刑事政策规制我国食品安全犯罪的意义。在食品安全方面,美国、德国和日本等发达国家的刑事政策比较成熟,这些国家虽然对食品安全管理的模式不同,但它们的食品安全法律体系完备,食品安全监管制度完善,食品检验制度、食品标准制度等一系列制度都非常严格,值得我国学习和借鉴。最后本文对我国食品安全犯罪刑事政策进行检讨和分析,针对我国食品安全犯罪刑事政策“厉而不严”的特点,建议我国的食品安全犯罪刑事政策应从严密罪名体系、调整刑罚体系、整合司法解释规范体系、完善惩处机制、完善惩罚性赔偿制度等方面进一步严密刑法对食品安全的保护,同时完善对食品安全的监管体制、健全食品检验检测制度和加快建设社会诚信体系,形成以严密的刑事法网为保障,以食品安全法律法规为依据,以政府为主导,社会、公众、企业等各种力量广泛参与,严格监管,综合治理,以防为主,打防并举,标本兼治的刑事政策系统,切实有效地控制食品安全问题,保护人民群众的身体健康和生命安全。
[Abstract]:The criminal policy characteristic of food safety crime in our country is "severe but not strict". "Li" is embodied in the severe punishment doctrine of heavy punishment to death penalty in the criminal law on the regulation of food safety crime, the government adopts the movement-style law enforcement method in the supervision of food safety, and the "lax" law is reflected in the inadequate protection of food safety in the criminal law. The government's supervision of food safety is not strict, there are loopholes, the work of various departments at all levels is not coordinated, the food inspection and inspection system is not perfect, the technology of food inspection and inspection is relatively backward, and the society and the public are more worried about food safety issues. Concern is not enough, the enthusiasm to participate in the prevention and suppression of food safety crimes is not high, and the awareness of enterprises to protect the interests of consumers is not strong. This is also an important reason for the frequent occurrence and repeated prohibition of food safety incidents in recent years. Therefore, we should reflect on the current criminal policy of food safety crime and seek effective measures and countermeasures to curb food safety problems. This paper analyzes the criminal policy of food safety crime in China and discusses how to perfect it. Firstly, this paper analyzes and defines the concept of food and food safety crime, and adopts the concept of food safety crime. According to the different subjects, the types of endangering food safety are divided into food producers, food inspectors and food regulators, and the current situation of food safety crimes in China is also described. This paper enumerates the typical cases of food safety in recent years and analyzes the harmfulness of food safety crimes. Secondly, this paper analyzes the present situation and deficiency of the criminal law regulation of food safety crime in our country, and defines the concept of criminal policy, adopting the broad criminal policy concept, the so-called criminal policy, that is, under the leadership of the Party and the country. The prevention, control and punishment measures, methods, policies and countermeasures against all criminal acts, illegal acts and deviant acts are formulated and implemented by the Party and the state, with the joint participation of the society. This paper expounds the significance of using criminal policy to regulate the crime of food safety in China. In terms of food safety, the developed countries, such as the United States, Germany and Japan, have relatively mature criminal policies. Although these countries have different modes of food safety management, their food safety legal system is complete and the food safety supervision system is perfect. Food inspection system, food standard system and a series of systems are very strict, worthy of our study and reference. Finally, this paper reviews and analyzes the criminal policy of food safety crime in China, aiming at the characteristics of "severe and lax" criminal policy of food safety crime in China, and suggests that the criminal policy of food safety crime in our country should be based on the strict charge system. Adjust the penalty system, integrate the standard system of judicial interpretation, perfect the punishment mechanism, perfect the punitive damages system and further tighten the criminal law to protect the food safety, at the same time, perfect the supervision system of the food safety, To improve the food inspection and inspection system and to speed up the construction of a social integrity system, to form a strict criminal law net as a guarantee, to take food safety laws and regulations as the basis, to take the government as the lead, and to participate extensively in various forces, such as society, the public, enterprises, etc. The criminal policy system, which strictly supervises and comprehensively controls food safety and protects the people's physical health and life safety, is a criminal policy system that focuses on prevention, plays an important role, and deals with both symptoms and symptoms.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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