建国初期“三反”运动中的惩贪法律创制研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 16:13

本文选题：“三反”运动 + 惩贪法律　；参考：《华东交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：继党的十五大确立依法治国为我国的基本方略后,2012年12月4日习近平同志在纪念现行宪法颁行30周年大会上的讲话中也提出法治中国建设新目标,随后党的十八届四中全会对全面推进依法治国做出新的战略部署,为推进法治中国建设吹响了新的前进号角。回顾新中国法制建设的历程,不难发现,我国的法律制度建设几乎是在一片荒地上重新开拓与逐步地建设、完善起来的。“三反”运动是新中国成立初期发动的一场反贪污性质的群众性政治运动,在运动中创制了新中国首部惩贪法律。本文以“三反”运动为研究对象,着手于厘清运动中惩贪法律的创制过程,从中汲取宝贵经验和教训,试图当今法治中国建设提供些许建议和思考。本文共分为五章,第一章是绪论,概括性的对文章选题的缘由、研究意义、国内外研究现状、研究方法与创新点进行说明。其余部分则分别着重于“三反”运动发生的历史背景、“三反”运动中惩贪法律的创制过程及话语权进行分析,最终在历史的衍变中进行思考。“三反”运动的成绩是值得肯定的,它成功的遏制了建国初期严重腐败现象的蔓延态势,有力地支援了抗美援朝战争,促进了国民经济的恢复,增强了人们对共产党执政的信心,并在运动中进行了法制的创建。但在当时的历史条件下,“三反”运动中法律的创制不可避免地打上时代的烙印,存在一定的历史局限性。首先,在斗争形式上,沿用了在革命战争时期惯用的大规模群众运动,挤压了法治空间,助长了人民群众轻视法制的心理。其次,由于法规制度的不健全,运动中以党的政策为主要指导方针,造成政策替代法律,法律和政策混用的乱象,在一定程度上阻碍了我国民主法制的建设进程。第三,20世纪50年代,党内民主集中制不够健全,领袖个人威权凌驾于集体领导之上,人治模式的政治体制和领导体制致使运动过程中出现“权大于法”现象,严重践踏了民主集中制。本文对“三反”运动惩贪法律的创制过程进行总体考察分析,认为在当下法治中国的建设中,建立健全社会主义法制,加强民主集中制,是历史带给我们的经验和启示。
[Abstract]:After the 15th National Congress of the Party established the rule of law as the basic strategy of our country, on December 4, 2012, Comrade Xi Jinping also put forward a new goal of building a country ruled by law in his speech marking the 30th anniversary of the promulgation of the current Constitution. Subsequently, the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee made a new strategic plan to promote the rule of law in an all-round way, and sounded a new trumpet for advancing the construction of China under the rule of law. Looking back on the course of legal system construction in New China, it is not difficult to find that the legal system construction of our country is almost redeveloped and gradually constructed and perfected on a wasteland. The "three Anti-Corruption" Movement was launched in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China as a mass political campaign against corruption, in which the first law against corruption was created in New China. This article takes the "three anti" movement as the research object, starts to clarify the process of creating the law of punishing corruption in the movement, draws valuable experience and lessons from it, and attempts to provide some suggestions and reflections on the construction of China under the rule of law. This paper is divided into five chapters, the first chapter is an introduction, the reasons for the topic, research significance, domestic and foreign research status, research methods and innovative points to explain. The other parts focus on the historical background of the "three evils" movement, the creation process and discourse right of the law of punishing corruption in the "three evils" movement, and finally think about it in the evolution of history. The achievements of the "three evils" movement are worthy of recognition. It successfully contained the spread of serious corruption in the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of Korea, supported the War of Resistance against US aggression and Aid Korea, and promoted the recovery of the national economy. Enhanced people's confidence in the Communist Party in power, and the establishment of the legal system in the movement. However, under the historical conditions at that time, the creation of law in the movement of the "three evils" inevitably marked the times, and there were certain historical limitations. First of all, in the form of struggle, the mass movement used in the revolutionary war period has been followed, squeezing the space of the rule of law and encouraging the masses to despise the rule of law. Secondly, due to the imperfection of the legal system, the Party's policy is the main guiding principle in the movement, which results in the confusion of the mixed use of the policy to replace the law, the law and the policy, and to a certain extent hinders the process of the construction of democracy and legal system in our country. Third, in the 1950s, the democratic centralism within the party was not perfect, and the individual authority of the leader was superior to the collective leadership. The political system and leadership system of the mode of rule by man led to the phenomenon of "power over law" in the course of the movement. The democratic centralism has been trampled on seriously. This paper makes a general investigation and analysis on the creation process of the anti-corruption law in the "three Anti-Corruption" movement, and holds that in the current construction of China ruled by law, the establishment and improvement of the socialist legal system and the strengthening of democratic centralism are the experiences and revelations that history has brought us.
【学位授予单位】：华东交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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