性侵幼女犯罪的立法探析与完善

发布时间：2018-09-03 06:31

【摘要】：性犯罪是古老的、常见的犯罪之一,由于幼女自身心理、生理等方面发育的不成熟,而且幼女一旦受到性犯罪的侵害,将会对其人生造成巨大的伤害,若处理不好,会造成更加严重的后果,对幼女性权利的保护不容忽视。因此,以幼女作为犯罪对象的性犯罪是一种严重侵害幼女的性的权利且性质极为严重的犯罪行为,受到世界各国的强烈关注。本文通过对世界各国或地区的刑法中值得我们学习的内容进行借鉴,同时分析针对幼女进行性犯罪相关问题而引起的争论焦点,并结合我国现实的情况,对针对幼女进行性犯罪的现实状况与立法状况进行研究。此外,在坚持刑法罪责刑相均衡原则,以及对幼女的特殊利益保护的前提下,提出构建合理的针对幼女进行性犯罪的立法体系的建议。本文除引言与结语外共分为三个部分：第一部分首先界定了性侵幼女犯罪的概念,性侵幼女犯罪是指行为人以幼女作为行为的对象,并以其作为直接受害人,侵犯其性的自由决定权的犯罪行为。其次,回顾并详细介绍了我国性侵幼女犯罪的立法传统以及其对我国现行立法的借鉴。最后,综合世界各国(或地区)性侵幼女犯罪罪名的设定,并对这些分类作出评价,同时指出我国对该类型犯罪的特别规定。第二部分着重分析了我国刑法性侵幼女犯罪的立法评判,该部分主要从奸淫幼女型强奸罪、猥亵儿童罪、嫖宿幼女罪三个罪名进行分析,并从解释论的角度分析它们之间的适用关系。对奸淫幼女型强奸罪主要分析了其主观要件,指出对幼女的保护也必须贯彻主客观相统一原则。在猥亵儿童罪的立法分析中,本文着重分析了猥亵行为的内涵。最后,对嫖宿幼女罪的分析,也主要从其与强奸罪的构成要件以及适用关系的角度说明二者之间的关联,从而得出不必废除嫖宿幼女罪的结论。第三部分主要从对幼女进行保护的角度出发,提出完善针对幼女进行性犯罪的保护措施。在该部分,主要提出两个保护措施,分别为：首先,我国可以在充分认识以及进行大量科学研究为刑事司法活动提供足够可靠的科学根据的前提下可以考虑引进化学阉割法；其次,从完善刑事司法制度以及对幼女权利进行保护的角度出发,在刑事附带民事诉讼活动中,我国可以积极地引入精神损害赔偿制度。最后,以结语的形式,从我国目前的法制进程的角度,并根据前文所作的分析,提出我国要完善对幼女的保护制度不能一蹴而就,而是需要长期的努力,同时提出对该目标在未来的展望。
[Abstract]:Sexual crime is one of the ancient and common crimes. Because of the immature development of the young girl's own psychology and physiology, and once the young girl is infringed by the sexual crime, it will cause great harm to her life. If it is not handled properly, Will cause more serious consequences, the protection of young girls sexual rights can not be ignored. Therefore, the sexual crime with young girls as the object of crime is a kind of serious criminal act which infringes the sexual rights of young girls and is of extremely serious nature, which has been paid close attention to by many countries all over the world. This article draws lessons from the contents of criminal law of countries or regions in the world, and analyzes the focal points of controversy caused by the problems related to the sexual crime of young girls, and combines with the reality of our country. This paper studies the status quo and legislation of sexual crimes against young girls. In addition, on the premise of upholding the principle of balance between criminal law and criminal responsibility, and the protection of the special interests of young girls, the author puts forward some suggestions on the establishment of a reasonable legislative system for sexual crimes against young girls. This paper is divided into three parts except the introduction and conclusion. The first part defines the concept of sexual assault on young women crime, which refers to the perpetrator taking the young girl as the object of behavior and taking it as the direct victim. A criminal act that infringes upon his sexual discretion. Secondly, the legislative tradition of sexual assault on young girls in China and its reference to the current legislation are reviewed and introduced in detail. Finally, the author synthesizes the establishment of crimes of sexual assault on young girls in various countries (or regions) of the world, evaluates these classifications, and points out the special provisions of this type of crimes in our country at the same time. The second part mainly analyzes the legislative judgment of the crime of sexual assault on young girls in criminal law of our country. This part mainly analyzes the crime of raping young girls, the crime of child molestation, and the crime of whoring young girls. And from the angle of explanation theory, it analyzes the applicable relation between them. This paper mainly analyzes the subjective elements of the crime of raping young girls, and points out that the protection of young girls must also carry out the principle of unity of subjectivity and objectivity. In the legislative analysis of the crime of child molestation, this paper focuses on the connotation of the act of indecency. Finally, the analysis of the crime of whoring young girls, also mainly from the point of view of the constitutive elements of the crime of rape and the applicable relationship between the two, and draw the conclusion that it is not necessary to abolish the crime of whoring young girls. In the third part, from the angle of protecting the young girl, the author puts forward the measures to perfect the protection for the young girl sex crime. In this part, two protective measures are put forward: firstly, our country can consider introducing chemical castration under the premise of fully understanding and carrying out a large number of scientific research to provide sufficient scientific basis for criminal justice activities; Secondly, from the point of view of perfecting the criminal justice system and protecting the rights of young girls, we can actively introduce the system of compensation for mental damage in the criminal incidental civil action. Finally, in the form of concluding remarks, from the perspective of the current legal process in our country, and according to the analysis made above, it is pointed out that to perfect the protection system for young girls in our country cannot be achieved overnight, but requires long-term efforts. At the same time, the prospect of this goal in the future is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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