刑法第361条实然性至应然性研究
发布时间：2018-12-27 15:58
【摘要】：刑法第361条，是一条无论在理论研究界还是在司法实务界都几乎无人问津的条文，该条文甚至没有相应的罪名。在“中国知网”的搜索栏中输入“第361条”，出现的文章寥寥无几；同时在各种版本刑法分则教科书中或学术文章中，对刑法本条亦鲜有涉及。笔者此次选择研究刑法第361条在实践中的适用问题源于参与导师的研究方向之一，，经过与导师的多次探讨最终制定论文的框架和论文研究意义。根据从各地基层法院搜集的案例中总结，对比发现本论文讨论研究的问题：刑法第361条的实践适用并没有体现该法条应有的价值。 本文从刑法361条的条文本身着手，首先分析刑法361条的文本性质，研究该条文的结构、罪状属于法律拟制还是注意规定。其次，对该条文第1款的适用范围做出详细分析:该条文列举了四种特定行业，对这四种行业在实践中是否能够确切适用刑法第361条作出分析。再者研究在这四类主要行业中从业的人员以及除了这四类行业之外的其他行业从业人员如果也实施了符合刑法第361条的行为，那么这一类人员的刑事责任应该引用刑法中的哪一则刑法条文。接着，分析本条文中的特定行为手段即“利用本单位条件”。最后分析行为方式的特定范围，其中包含的问题是为何在刑法第361条中列举的犯罪行为中缺少了协助组织卖淫的相关规定。 再者，分析刑法361条第2款的条文文本，问题的焦点在于界定主要负责人的范围以及运用横向比较的研究手法，对比本条款中单位主要负责人与单位犯罪中的主要负责人的刑事责任比较。 在分析该罪名的适用条件之后对条文实践适用情况就搜集到的案例作出图表分析，在实然性上证明条文在司法实践中被真正遗忘。最后总结刑法第361条存在的问题，例如：该条文是否应该增加单位犯罪；为何该条文被引用的次数较少。最后，从刑法第361条的实然角度过渡到应然角度，分析条文产生的背景与历史沿革以及目前的社会情况下该条文是否有实际引用的必要性和刑事政策对该条文的影响。
[Abstract]:Article 361 of the Criminal Law is a article which is almost ignored in the field of theoretical research and judicial practice, and there are even no corresponding charges in this provision. Few articles appear in the "361 article" in the search column of "China knowledge net". At the same time, there are few articles in the textbooks or academic articles of various versions of the criminal law provisions. The author chooses to study the application of Article 361 of the Criminal Law in practice from one of the research directions of participating mentors. After many discussions with the tutor, the author finally formulates the framework of the thesis and the significance of the thesis. According to the summary of the cases collected from the local basic courts, it is found that the practical application of Article 361 of the Criminal Law does not reflect the due value of the Article 361 of the Criminal Law. This article starts with the article 361 of criminal law itself, first analyzes the text nature of article 361 of criminal law, studies the structure of this article, the crime is the legal fiction or the attention stipulation. Secondly, this article makes a detailed analysis of the scope of application of paragraph 1 of the article: this article lists four specific industries, and analyzes whether the four industries can apply article 361 of the criminal law in practice. Furthermore, if the persons employed in these four major industries and those in other industries other than these four industries also carry out acts consistent with article 361 of the Criminal Code, Which criminal law should be invoked for the criminal liability of this category of persons? Then, the article analyzes the specific means of conduct, that is, the use of the unit conditions. Finally, the specific scope of the conduct is analyzed, which contains the question of why the criminal acts enumerated in article 361 of the Criminal Code lack the relevant provisions to assist the organization of prostitution. Furthermore, by analyzing the text of article 361, paragraph 2, of the Criminal Law, the focus of the problem is to define the scope of the principal person in charge and to apply horizontal comparative research techniques. Compare the criminal liability of the principal responsible person of the unit and the principal person in charge of the unit crime in this article. After analyzing the applicable conditions of the crime, the author makes a graphic analysis of the cases collected from the practical application of the articles, which proves that the provisions have been truly forgotten in judicial practice. Finally, the problems of Article 361 of the Criminal Law are summarized, such as whether the article should increase the crime of unit and why it is used less frequently. Finally, from the perspective of article 361 of criminal law to the angle of ought to be, the background and historical evolution of the article are analyzed, as well as the necessity of actual application of the article and the influence of criminal policy on it under the present social circumstances.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3
本文编号：2393287
[Abstract]:Article 361 of the Criminal Law is a article which is almost ignored in the field of theoretical research and judicial practice, and there are even no corresponding charges in this provision. Few articles appear in the "361 article" in the search column of "China knowledge net". At the same time, there are few articles in the textbooks or academic articles of various versions of the criminal law provisions. The author chooses to study the application of Article 361 of the Criminal Law in practice from one of the research directions of participating mentors. After many discussions with the tutor, the author finally formulates the framework of the thesis and the significance of the thesis. According to the summary of the cases collected from the local basic courts, it is found that the practical application of Article 361 of the Criminal Law does not reflect the due value of the Article 361 of the Criminal Law. This article starts with the article 361 of criminal law itself, first analyzes the text nature of article 361 of criminal law, studies the structure of this article, the crime is the legal fiction or the attention stipulation. Secondly, this article makes a detailed analysis of the scope of application of paragraph 1 of the article: this article lists four specific industries, and analyzes whether the four industries can apply article 361 of the criminal law in practice. Furthermore, if the persons employed in these four major industries and those in other industries other than these four industries also carry out acts consistent with article 361 of the Criminal Code, Which criminal law should be invoked for the criminal liability of this category of persons? Then, the article analyzes the specific means of conduct, that is, the use of the unit conditions. Finally, the specific scope of the conduct is analyzed, which contains the question of why the criminal acts enumerated in article 361 of the Criminal Code lack the relevant provisions to assist the organization of prostitution. Furthermore, by analyzing the text of article 361, paragraph 2, of the Criminal Law, the focus of the problem is to define the scope of the principal person in charge and to apply horizontal comparative research techniques. Compare the criminal liability of the principal responsible person of the unit and the principal person in charge of the unit crime in this article. After analyzing the applicable conditions of the crime, the author makes a graphic analysis of the cases collected from the practical application of the articles, which proves that the provisions have been truly forgotten in judicial practice. Finally, the problems of Article 361 of the Criminal Law are summarized, such as whether the article should increase the crime of unit and why it is used less frequently. Finally, from the perspective of article 361 of criminal law to the angle of ought to be, the background and historical evolution of the article are analyzed, as well as the necessity of actual application of the article and the influence of criminal policy on it under the present social circumstances.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3
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