对有影响力的人行贿罪构成研究

发布时间：2019-01-07 06:53

【摘要】：随着我国政治、社会、经济的不断发展,各类社会主体之间的关系变得越来越复杂,同时,也必然存在着一些新滋生的贪腐问题、新型的贿赂形式,且行为主体已经向国家工作人员以外的一些“有影响力”的人员延伸,这就使得我国之前的刑法规范在惩治这类行为时出现空缺。于是,2015年8月29日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议正式通过了《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(九)》,《刑法修正案(九)》在四十六新增了一个行贿犯罪,并将其列在刑法第三百九十条之后,作为第三百九十条之一,此罪目前被称为“对有影响力的人行贿罪”。《刑法修正案(九)》之所以将对有影响力的人行贿的行为规定为犯罪,其中一方面是为适应我国现实中打击复杂多变的腐败犯罪的客观需要,另一方面也是在切实履行《联合国反腐败公约》为各国所确立的义务,故而《刑法修正案(九)》中增加了对有影响的人行贿罪。由于修正案出台的时间尚短,关于本罪的理论研究和实践经验并不成熟,对有影响力的人行贿罪虽然也属于贿赂犯罪中的一种,但是对于该罪构成要件的理解和适用主要是结合传统贿赂犯罪的相关理论进行探讨。然而人们对于传统贿赂犯罪的犯罪构成要件、具体认定标准等在法学理论界及司法实践中一直存在争议,对于这些构成要件的争议必然会导致该罪在借助传统贿赂犯罪进行理解和认定时存在标准不一的情形,如此一来,就需要我们在现行立法的基础上对此罪构成要件进行理解和把握时进一步深入、细致地分析研究。本文主要内容主要分为三部分:第一部分,以传统贿赂犯罪理论为指导,在现行立法对贿赂犯罪构成要件的规范基础上,对本罪的构成要件的立法概况进行阐述,并结合传统贿赂犯罪中的构成要件的传统观点对本罪当下的构成要件进行前提性的了解。第二部分,在本文第一章对本罪的构成要件从现行立法的角度,结合传统贿赂犯罪的基本理论进行现状的梳理之后,该部分着重对本罪主观方面的构成要件和客体、客观方面的构成进行分析,结合本罪的特殊性指出现行立法下关于本罪构成要件的规定不合理的地方。第三部分,在文章第二部分对本罪的构成要件进行正确的理解,并对相关问题进行立法层面的问题分析之后,根据具体问题,结合传统贿赂犯罪和本罪的特殊性,针对本罪在构成要件方面存在的问题提出作者自己的一些立法完善建议。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of politics, society and economy in our country, the relationship between all kinds of social subjects becomes more and more complicated. At the same time, there must be some new problems of corruption, new forms of bribery, Moreover, the subject has extended to some "influential" personnel other than state functionaries, which makes the former criminal law norms of our country become vacant in punishing such acts. Thus, on 29 August 2015, the 16th meeting of the standing Committee of the Twelfth National people's Congress formally adopted the Amendment to the Criminal Law of the people's Republic of China (9). Amendment (IX) of the Criminal Law added a new crime of bribery in 46 and listed it after article 390 of the Criminal Law as one of the 390 bis of the Criminal Code. The crime is now referred to as "bribery of influential persons". The Criminal Law Amendment (9) criminalizes bribery of influential persons. On the one hand, in order to meet the objective needs of our country in the fight against the complex and changeable crime of corruption, on the other hand, it is also in the effective implementation of the obligations established for States by the United Nations Convention against Corruption, As a result, the Criminal Law Amendment (9) adds the crime of bribery to influential people. As the time of the amendment is still short, the theoretical research and practical experience on this crime is not mature. Although the crime of bribery is also one of the crimes of bribery, the crime of giving bribes to influential people is also a kind of crime. However, the understanding and application of the constitutive elements of the crime is mainly based on the relevant theories of the traditional bribery crime. However, there have always been disputes in the legal theory and judicial practice about the constitutive elements of the crime of traditional bribery, and the specific standards of determination. The controversy over these elements will inevitably lead to the existence of different standards in the understanding and determination of the crime with the help of the traditional bribery crime. It is necessary for us to understand and grasp the constitutive elements of this crime on the basis of current legislation. The main content of this paper is divided into three parts: the first part, under the guidance of the traditional bribery crime theory, on the basis of the norms of the constitutive elements of the bribery crime in the current legislation, the legislative overview of the constitutive elements of this crime is expounded. Combined with the traditional view of the constitutive elements of the crime of bribery, the present constitutive elements of this crime are understood. In the second part, after combing the present situation of the constitutive elements of this crime from the angle of current legislation and the basic theory of traditional bribery, this part focuses on the subjective elements and objects of this crime. This paper analyzes the constitution of the objective aspect and points out the unreasonable provisions of the constitutive elements of this crime under the current legislation combined with the particularity of the crime. The third part, in the second part of the article on the elements of the crime to a correct understanding, and related issues on the legislative level of the analysis, according to the specific issues, combined with the traditional bribery crime and the particularity of the crime, The author puts forward some suggestions for the perfection of legislation in view of the problems existing in the constitutive elements of this crime.
【学位授予单位】：贵州民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.392

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